[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-nav-reference-en":3,"site-nav-en":4,"site-nav-en-all-arts":289,"event-categories-en":918,"site-settings":1161,"node-en-arts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-poetry-seasons-calendar-festivals-phenology-literary-time":1203,"live-course-events":1237},null,{"data":5},{"header":6,"footer":264},[7,51,82,123,161,187,229,260],{"to":8,"label":9,"label_zh":10,"children":11},"\u002Fdao","TAO","道",[12,17,22,26,30,34,39,43,47],{"to":13,"label":14,"label_zh":15,"n":16},"\u002Fdao\u002Fintroduction","Begin with the Tao","道学入门",9,{"to":18,"label":19,"label_zh":20,"n":21},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing","I Ching","易经",7,{"to":23,"label":24,"label_zh":25,"n":16},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing","Tao Te 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Chi)","太极拳",{"to":66,"label":67,"label_zh":68,"n":69},"\u002Fmartial-arts\u002Fbaguazhang","Baguazhang: Circle Walking, Palm Changes and Movement","八卦掌：走圈、换掌与身法变化",5,{"to":71,"label":72,"label_zh":73,"n":69},"\u002Fmartial-arts\u002Fxingyiquan","Xingyiquan: Structure, Intention and Direct Training","形意拳：结构、意念与直接训练",{"to":75,"label":76,"label_zh":77,"n":21},"\u002Fmartial-arts\u002Fweapons","Wudang Sword and Weapons: History, Practice and Context","武当剑与兵器：历史、练习与文化语境",{"to":79,"label":80,"label_zh":81,"n":21},"\u002Fmartial-arts\u002Ftraining-practice","Training and Practice: Building a Sustainable Wudang Routine","训练与习练：建立可持续的武当练习",{"to":83,"label":84,"label_zh":85,"children":86},"\u002Fwellness","Wellness","养生",[87,91,95,99,103,107,111,115,119],{"to":88,"label":89,"label_zh":90,"n":21},"\u002Fwellness\u002Fqigong","Qigong","气功",{"to":92,"label":93,"label_zh":94,"n":60},"\u002Fwellness\u002Fherbal-healing","Chinese Herbal 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Wudang","武当日常",[265,266,267,268,269,270,271,272,273,277,281,285],{"to":8,"label":9,"label_zh":10},{"to":52,"label":53,"label_zh":54},{"to":83,"label":84,"label_zh":85},{"to":124,"label":125,"label_zh":126},{"to":162,"label":163,"label_zh":164},{"to":188,"label":189,"label_zh":190},{"to":230,"label":231,"label_zh":232},{"to":261,"label":262,"label_zh":263},{"to":274,"label":275,"label_zh":276},"\u002Fabout","About Wudang.Org","关于 Wudang.Org",{"to":278,"label":279,"label_zh":280},"\u002Fstart-here","Start Here","从这里开始",{"to":282,"label":283,"label_zh":284},"\u002Ffind-a-practice","Find a Practice","找到适合你的修习",{"to":286,"label":287,"label_zh":288},"\u002Fteachers","Our Teachers","授课老师",{"data":290},{"all":291,"header":916,"footer":917},[292],{"to":124,"label":125,"label_zh":126,"children":293},[294,508,578,736,786,848,886],{"to":129,"label":130,"label_zh":131,"children":295},[296,300,304,308,312,316,320,324,328,332,336,340,344,348,352,356,360,364,368,372,376,380,384,388,392,396,400,404,408,412,416,420,424,428,432,436,440,444,448,452,456,460,464,468,472,476,480,484,488,492,496,500,504],{"to":297,"label":298,"label_zh":299},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Forigins-spirit-of-chinese-poetry","Origins of Chinese Poetry: Song, Text and Interpretation","中国诗歌的源流：歌唱、文本与阐释",{"to":301,"label":302,"label_zh":303},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fbook-of-songs-classical-foundations","The Book of Songs: Voices, Performance and Interpretation","《诗经》：声音、礼乐与阐释",{"to":305,"label":306,"label_zh":307},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Ftang-poetry-golden-age","Tang Poetry: Forms, Voices and a Lasting 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Colophons","中国画上的诗：怎样读题款与题跋",{"to":345,"label":346,"label_zh":347},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-fu-rhapsody-catalogues-courts-expansive-description","Chinese Fu (Rhapsody): Catalogues, Courts and Expansive Description","中国赋：铺陈、宫廷与展开描写的艺术",{"to":349,"label":350,"label_zh":351},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fwenxin-diaolong-liu-xie-writing-reading-literary-thought","Wenxin Diaolong: How Liu Xie Thought About Writing and Reading","《文心雕龙》导读：刘勰怎样思考写作与阅读",{"to":353,"label":354,"label_zh":355},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-shihua-poetry-talks-notes-anecdotes-criticism","Shihua (Poetry Talks): How Chinese Criticism Speaks in Notes and Anecdotes","中国诗话导读：批评怎样写进笔记、轶事与评语",{"to":357,"label":358,"label_zh":359},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-prefaces-afterwords-xu-ba-books-texts-readers","Chinese Prefaces and Afterwords (Xu and Ba): How Books Frame Texts and 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Works (Bieji): How an Author’s Writings Become a Book","中国别集导读：一位作者的诗文怎样成为一部书",{"to":393,"label":394,"label_zh":395},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-guwen-pianwen-ancient-style-parallel-prose-rhythm-argument","Guwen and Pianwen: Two Ways of Shaping Classical Chinese Prose","古文与骈文导读：中国古典散文的两种组织方式",{"to":397,"label":398,"label_zh":399},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-eight-legged-essay-baguwen-examination-classics-composition","The Eight-Legged Essay (Baguwen): How an Examination Form Organized Classical Thought","八股文导读：科举文章怎样组织经典义理",{"to":401,"label":402,"label_zh":403},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-examination-compounds-gongyuan-cells-candidate-experience","Chinese Examination Compounds (Gongyuan): How Architecture Shaped the Candidate Experience","中国贡院导读：考场空间怎样塑造士子的应试体验",{"to":405,"label":406,"label_zh":407},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-academies-shuyuan-books-teaching-ritual-landscape","Chinese Academies (Shuyuan): How Books, Teaching and Ritual Made a Scholarly Place","中国书院导读：书籍、讲学与礼仪怎样构成学术空间",{"to":409,"label":410,"label_zh":411},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-private-libraries-cangshulou-collectors-catalogues-transmission","Chinese Private Libraries (Cangshulou): How Collectors Built Paths for Books to Survive","中国藏书楼导读：私人收藏怎样为典籍延续开辟路径",{"to":413,"label":414,"label_zh":415},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-bookshops-book-markets-publishers-routes-readers","Chinese Bookshops and Book Markets: How Books Became Goods, Routes and Encounters","中国书肆与书市导读：书籍怎样成为商品、路线与相遇",{"to":417,"label":418,"label_zh":419},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-illustrated-books-woodblock-images-page-design-reading","Illustrated Chinese Books: How Woodblock Images Shaped the Page","中国古籍插图导读：木刻图像怎样塑造书页",{"to":421,"label":422,"label_zh":423},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-bibliographies-mulu-catalogues-classification-books-knowledge","Chinese Bibliographies (Mulu): How Catalogues Classified Books and Knowledge","中国目录学导读：书目怎样分类书籍与知识",{"to":425,"label":426,"label_zh":427},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-textual-collation-jiaokan-variant-readings-witnesses-editions","Chinese Textual Collation (Jiaokan): How Scholars Read Variant Texts","中国校勘导读：怎样阅读异文与文本传本",{"to":429,"label":430,"label_zh":431},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-commentaries-subcommentaries-zhu-jian-shu-layered-reading","Chinese Commentaries and Subcommentaries: How Notes Became Part of the Text","中国注疏导读：注、笺、疏怎样层层塑造经典阅读",{"to":433,"label":434,"label_zh":435},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-book-marginalia-meipi-pangpi-pijiao-reading-history","Marginalia in Chinese Books: How Readers Wrote Back","中国古籍批注导读：读者怎样在书页上留下阅读史",{"to":437,"label":438,"label_zh":439},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-book-ownership-seals-cangshuyin-provenance-impressions","Book-Ownership Seals in China: Reading Provenance in Red","中国古籍藏书印导读：怎样从朱印追索递藏",{"to":441,"label":442,"label_zh":443},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-book-paper-fibres-sizing-repairs-dating-evidence","Paper in Chinese Books: Fibres, Sizing, Repairs and the Limits of Dating","中国古籍用纸导读：纤维、施胶、修补与断代边界",{"to":445,"label":446,"label_zh":447},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-book-page-layout-frames-columns-fishtails-centre-fold","Inside the Chinese Book Page: Frames, Columns, Fishtails and the Centre Fold","中国古籍版式导读：版框、界行、鱼尾与版心",{"to":449,"label":450,"label_zh":451},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-book-printers-marks-paiji-kanji-publishing-claims","Printer’s Marks in Chinese Books: Reading Paiji, Kanji and Publishing Claims","中国古籍牌记与刊记导读：怎样辨认刊刻、藏版与书坊信息",{"to":453,"label":454,"label_zh":455},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-movable-type-printing-clay-wood-metal-reuse","Movable Type in Chinese Book History: Clay, Wood, Metal and Reuse","中国古籍活字印刷导读：泥活字、木活字、金属活字与复用",{"to":457,"label":458,"label_zh":459},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-woodblock-printing-workflow-writing-carving-inking-impressions","How Chinese Woodblock Printing Worked: Writing, Carving, Inking and Impressions","中国雕版印刷工艺导读：写样、上版、刻版、刷墨与印纸",{"to":461,"label":462,"label_zh":463},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-woodblock-lifecycle-storage-repair-recutting-later-impressions","After the First Printing: How Chinese Woodblocks Were Stored, Repaired and Reused","初印之后：中国雕版的储藏、递修、重刻与后印",{"to":465,"label":466,"label_zh":467},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fwho-paid-chinese-book-printing-patronage-profit-donors-funding","Who Paid to Print? Patronage, Profit and Collective Funding in Chinese Book History","谁出资刻书？中国书籍史中的官刻、私资、坊刻与募资",{"to":469,"label":470,"label_zh":471},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fhow-readers-got-books-imperial-china-buying-borrowing-gifts-copying","How Readers Got Books in Imperial China: Buying, Borrowing, Gifting and Copying","古代中国读者怎样获得书籍？购书、借阅、馈赠与抄写",{"to":473,"label":474,"label_zh":475},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fhow-classical-chinese-poetry-was-heard-recitation-chanting-historical-sound","How Classical Chinese Poetry Was Heard: Recitation, Chanting and Historical Sound","古典诗歌怎样被听见？诵读、吟咏与历史声音",{"to":477,"label":478,"label_zh":479},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-poetry-social-exchange-gifts-farewells-replies-rhyme-matching","Poetry as Social Exchange: Gifts, Farewells, Replies and Rhyme-Matching in China","诗歌作为交往：赠答、送别、唱和与次韵",{"to":481,"label":482,"label_zh":483},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-poetry-gatherings-themes-rhyme-lots-linked-composition","How Chinese Poetry Gatherings Worked: Themes, Rhyme Lots and Linked Composition","中国古典诗歌雅集怎样运作：命题、分韵与联句",{"to":485,"label":486,"label_zh":487},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-poetry-revision-drafts-variants-editorial-layers","How Chinese Poems Changed: Drafts, Variants and Editorial Layers","中国古典诗歌怎样改定与流传：草稿、异文与编辑层次",{"to":489,"label":490,"label_zh":491},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-poetry-attribution-anonymity-disputed-authorship","Who Wrote This Poem? Attribution, Anonymity and Disputed Authorship in Chinese Poetry","这首诗是谁写的？中国古典诗歌的署名、佚名与作者争议",{"to":493,"label":494,"label_zh":495},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-poetry-quotation-excerpts-fragments-lost-context","Poems in Pieces: How Quotation and Excerpt Preserved Chinese Poetry","诗句怎样在引用中流传？摘引、辑佚与失落语境",{"to":497,"label":498,"label_zh":499},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-wall-poetry-tibishi-public-writing-place-transmission","Poems on the Wall: Public Writing, Place and Survival in China","墙上的诗怎样流传？中国题壁诗的公共书写、地点与传承",{"to":501,"label":502,"label_zh":503},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-imperial-examination-poetry-shitie-shi-fu-changing-tests","Poetry in the Examination Hall: What Chinese Candidates Were Asked to Compose","科场里的诗：古代中国考生何时、怎样作诗",{"to":505,"label":506,"label_zh":507},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-poetry-seasons-calendar-festivals-phenology-literary-time","Reading Seasons in Chinese Poetry: Calendars, Festivals and Literary Time","怎样读懂中国诗歌里的季节？历法、节日与文学时间",{"to":134,"label":135,"label_zh":136,"children":509},[510,514,518,522,526,530,534,538,542,546,550,554,558,562,566,570,574],{"to":511,"label":512,"label_zh":513},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Forigins-history-of-calligraphy","Origins and History of Chinese Calligraphy","中国书法的源流与历史",{"to":515,"label":516,"label_zh":517},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fthe-five-script-styles","The Five Script Styles in Chinese Calligraphy","中国书法的五种主要书体",{"to":519,"label":520,"label_zh":521},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fcalligraphy-as-taoist-cultivation","Calligraphy and Taoist Cultivation: Text, Attention and Practice","书法与道家修养：读懂文字，专注落笔",{"to":523,"label":524,"label_zh":525},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Ffour-treasures-of-the-study","The Four Treasures of the Study: Choosing and Using Calligraphy Materials","文房四宝：认识、选择与使用笔墨纸砚",{"to":527,"label":528,"label_zh":529},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fbrush-technique-living-line","Chinese Calligraphy Brushwork: Reading and Practising the Living Line","书法笔法：观察与练习有生气的线条",{"to":531,"label":532,"label_zh":533},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fgreat-masters-further-reading","Chinese Calligraphy Masters and Reading Paths","中国书法名家与阅读路径",{"to":535,"label":536,"label_zh":537},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fchinese-seals-and-seal-carving","Chinese Seals and Seal Carving: Script, Surface and Impression","中国印章与篆刻：文字、印面与钤印",{"to":539,"label":540,"label_zh":541},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fchinese-ink-rubbings","Chinese Ink Rubbings: Stone, Paper and the Life of Calligraphy","中国传拓：石刻、纸墨与书法的流传",{"to":543,"label":544,"label_zh":545},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fchinese-inkstones","Chinese Inkstones: Stone, Carving and the Scholar’s Desk","中国砚台：石材、雕刻与文房生活",{"to":547,"label":548,"label_zh":549},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fchinese-inksticks","Chinese Inksticks: Soot, Moulds and the Scholar’s Desk","中国墨锭：烟料、墨模与文房生活",{"to":551,"label":552,"label_zh":553},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fchinese-calligraphy-paper","Chinese Calligraphy Paper: Xuan, Sizing and the Life of a Sheet","中国书画纸：宣纸、施胶与纸张的一生",{"to":555,"label":556,"label_zh":557},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fchinese-calligraphy-brushes","Chinese Calligraphy Brushes: Hair, Handle and the Working Point","中国毛笔：毫料、笔管与笔锋",{"to":559,"label":560,"label_zh":561},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fchinese-brush-rests","Chinese Brush Rests: Mountains, Materials and the Scholar’s Desk","中国笔架：山形、材质与文人书案",{"to":563,"label":564,"label_zh":565},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fchinese-water-droppers-scholars-desk","Chinese Water Droppers: Flow, Form and the Scholar’s Desk","中国水滴：控水、造型与文人书案",{"to":567,"label":568,"label_zh":569},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fchinese-brush-pots-materials-scholars-desk","Chinese Brush Pots: Function, Material and the Scholar’s Desk","中国笔筒：收纳、材质与文人书案",{"to":571,"label":572,"label_zh":573},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fchinese-brush-washers-water-form-scholars-desk","Chinese Brush Washers: Water, Form and the Scholar’s Desk","中国笔洗：洗笔、造型与文人书案",{"to":575,"label":576,"label_zh":577},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy\u002Fchinese-paperweights-form-material-scholars-desk","Chinese Paperweights: Form, Material and the Scholar’s Desk","中国镇纸：形制、材质与文人书案",{"to":139,"label":140,"label_zh":141,"children":579},[580,584,588,592,596,600,604,608,612,616,620,624,628,632,636,640,644,648,652,656,660,664,668,672,676,680,684,688,692,696,700,704,708,712,716,720,724,728,732],{"to":581,"label":582,"label_zh":583},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftea-meditation-taoist-practice","Tea, Meditation and Taoist Practice","茶、静坐与道家修习",{"to":585,"label":586,"label_zh":587},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Forigins-history-of-tea-culture","Origins and History of Chinese Tea Culture","中国茶文化的源流与历史",{"to":589,"label":590,"label_zh":591},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fthe-way-of-tea","The Way of Tea: Attention, Care and Hospitality","茶道：在一杯茶中练习用心与待客",{"to":593,"label":594,"label_zh":595},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftypes-of-tea-and-character","Six Chinese Tea Families: Processing and Taste","六大茶类：从制法到品饮",{"to":597,"label":598,"label_zh":599},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Futensils-and-gongfu-method","Gongfu Tea: Utensils and a Flexible Method","工夫茶：茶具与灵活冲泡法",{"to":601,"label":602,"label_zh":603},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ffurther-reading-and-practice","Learning Chinese Tea: Reading and Practice","学茶入门：阅读与品饮练习",{"to":605,"label":606,"label_zh":607},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fwater-for-chinese-tea","Water for Chinese Tea: Springs, Minerals and a Practical Tasting Method","中国茶用水：山泉、矿物与实用对比方法",{"to":609,"label":610,"label_zh":611},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fchinese-teaware-clay-glaze-form","Chinese Tea Ware: Clay, Porcelain, Glaze and the Uses of Form","中国茶器：胎土、瓷釉、造型与使用",{"to":613,"label":614,"label_zh":615},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fchinese-tea-caddies","Chinese Tea Caddies: Storage, Materials and the Traveling Leaf","中国茶叶罐：贮藏、材质与流动的茶叶",{"to":617,"label":618,"label_zh":619},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fsong-whisked-tea-powder-bowls-foam","Whisked Tea in Song China: Powder, Bowls and Foam","宋代点茶：茶末、茶盏与汤花",{"to":621,"label":622,"label_zh":623},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fyixing-teapots-clay-form-makers-marks","Yixing Teapots: Clay, Form and Reading the Maker’s Mark","宜兴紫砂壶：泥料、器形与款识",{"to":625,"label":626,"label_zh":627},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fcompressed-tea-cakes-bricks-trade-storage-object-reading","Compressed Tea in China: Cakes, Bricks and How to Read Them","中国紧压茶：茶饼、茶砖与辨读方法",{"to":629,"label":630,"label_zh":631},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftea-horse-trade-networks-routes-markets-cultural-exchange","Tea–Horse Trade Networks: Routes, Markets and Cultural Exchange","茶马贸易网络：路线、市场与文化交流",{"to":633,"label":634,"label_zh":635},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftea-landscapes-china-gardens-forests-terraces-living-knowledge","Tea Landscapes in China: Gardens, Forests, Terraces and Living Knowledge","中国茶景观：茶园、古茶林、梯田与活态知识",{"to":637,"label":638,"label_zh":639},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fpicking-tea-china-seasons-bud-leaf-standards-skilled-labour","Picking Tea in China: Seasons, Bud-and-Leaf Standards and Skilled Labour","中国采茶：季节、芽叶标准与劳作技艺",{"to":641,"label":642,"label_zh":643},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fwithering-tea-leaves-water-loss-time-first-transformation","Withering Tea Leaves: Water Loss, Time and the First Transformation","茶叶萎凋：失水、时间与采后初变",{"to":645,"label":646,"label_zh":647},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ffixing-tea-leaves-shaqing-heat-enzymes-turning-point","Fixing Tea Leaves (Shaqing): Heat, Enzymes and a Turning Point in Chinese Tea","茶叶杀青：热、酶活性与中国制茶的转折点",{"to":649,"label":650,"label_zh":651},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Frolling-tea-leaves-rounian-pressure-shape-cell-disruption","Rolling Tea Leaves (Rounian): Pressure, Shape and Controlled Cell Disruption","茶叶揉捻：压力、形态与受控细胞破损",{"to":653,"label":654,"label_zh":655},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fdrying-tea-leaves-moisture-heat-stability-finished-tea","Drying Tea Leaves: Moisture, Heat and the Stability of Finished Tea","茶叶干燥：水分、热量与成茶稳定",{"to":657,"label":658,"label_zh":659},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fsorting-grading-tea-leaf-size-shape-grade-meaning","Sorting and Grading Tea: Leaf Size, Shape and What a Grade Really Means","茶叶筛分与分级：叶片大小、形态与等级的真正含义",{"to":661,"label":662,"label_zh":663},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftea-blending-batch-construction-consistency-style-transparency","Tea Blending and Batch Construction: Consistency, Style and Transparent Labels","茶叶拼配与批次构建：稳定、风格与透明标示",{"to":665,"label":666,"label_zh":667},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftea-oxidation-post-fermentation-enzymes-microbes-terms","Oxidation and Post-Fermentation in Tea: Enzymes, Microbes and Misleading Labels","茶叶氧化与后发酵：酶、微生物与容易混淆的标签",{"to":669,"label":670,"label_zh":671},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fyellow-tea-menhuang-moist-heat-time-tea-family","Yellow Tea and Menhuang: Moist Heat, Time and the Making of a Tea Family","黄茶与闷黄：湿热、时间与一类茶的形成",{"to":673,"label":674,"label_zh":675},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Frefiring-roasting-tea-later-heat-aroma-finished-leaf","Re-Firing and Roasting Tea: Later Heat, Aroma and the Difference from Drying","茶叶复火与焙火：后段加热、香气及其与干燥的区别",{"to":677,"label":678,"label_zh":679},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fjasmine-tea-scenting-flowers-repeated-rounds-aroma-transfer","Jasmine Tea and Scenting: Flowers, Repeated Rounds and How Aroma Enters Tea","茉莉花茶与窨制：鲜花、多次窨香与茶叶如何吸收香气",{"to":681,"label":682,"label_zh":683},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftea-sensory-evaluation-appearance-aroma-taste-score-limits","Tea Sensory Evaluation: Appearance, Aroma, Taste and the Limits of a Score","茶叶感官审评：外形、香气、滋味与分数的边界",{"to":685,"label":686,"label_zh":687},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fdoucha-song-tea-contests-whisked-tea-jian-bowls-modern-judging","Doucha: Tea Contests in Song China and the Limits of Modern Re-Creation","斗茶：宋代茶事竞赛与现代重现的边界",{"to":689,"label":690,"label_zh":691},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fbeiyuan-tribute-tea-song-court-labour-imperial-label","Beiyuan Tribute Tea: Song Court Taste, Skilled Labour and the Limits of ‘Imperial Tea’","北苑贡茶：宋代宫廷品味、制茶劳作与“御茶”标签的边界",{"to":693,"label":694,"label_zh":695},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Freading-chinese-tea-classics-authorship-editions-recipe-limits","Reading Chinese Tea Classics: Authorship, Editions and the Limits of a ‘Recipe’","如何阅读中国茶书：作者、版本与“配方”式解读的边界",{"to":697,"label":698,"label_zh":699},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftea-in-chinese-poetry-social-worlds-metaphor-historical-evidence","Tea in Chinese Poetry: Social Worlds, Metaphor and the Limits of Literary Evidence","中国诗歌中的茶：社会交往、诗意表达与文学证据的边界",{"to":701,"label":702,"label_zh":703},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Fchinese-teahouses-commerce-conversation-performance-urban-publics","Chinese Teahouses: Commerce, Conversation, Performance and Changing Urban Publics","中国茶馆：商业、交往、表演与变动中的城市公共生活",{"to":705,"label":706,"label_zh":707},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftea-in-chinese-painting-objects-social-worlds-visual-evidence","Tea in Chinese Painting: Objects, Social Worlds and the Limits of Visual Evidence","中国绘画中的茶：器物、社会空间与视觉证据的边界",{"to":709,"label":710,"label_zh":711},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftea-in-dream-of-the-red-chamber-hospitality-rank-labour-fiction","Tea in Dream of the Red Chamber: Hospitality, Rank, Labour and Fiction","《红楼梦》中的茶：待客、等级、劳动与小说叙事",{"to":713,"label":714,"label_zh":715},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftea-in-chinese-travel-writing-roads-hospitality-regional-evidence","Tea in Chinese Travel Writing: Roads, Hospitality and the Limits of an Itinerary","中国游记中的茶：道路、待客与行程证据的边界",{"to":717,"label":718,"label_zh":719},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftea-in-chinese-letters-gifts-visits-friendship-private-writing","Tea in Chinese Letters: Gifts, Visits, Friendship and the Limits of ‘Private’ Writing","中国书信中的茶：馈赠、访友、人情与“私语”证据的边界",{"to":721,"label":722,"label_zh":723},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony\u002Ftea-tax-monopoly-imperial-china-fiscal-records-daily-life","Tea, Tax and Monopoly in Imperial China: Reading Fiscal Records Without Mistaking Revenue for 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Scroll","中国画装裱：绫边、托纸与卷轴的生命",{"to":841,"label":842,"label_zh":843},"\u002Farts\u002Fpainting\u002Fchinese-portrait-painting-likeness-role-ancestral-memory","Chinese Portrait Painting: Likeness, Role and Ancestral Memory","中国肖像画：形神、身份与祖先记忆",{"to":845,"label":846,"label_zh":847},"\u002Farts\u002Fpainting\u002Fthree-distances-chinese-landscape-painting","The Three Distances in Chinese Landscape Painting: High, Deep and Level Space","中国山水画的“三远”：高远、深远与平远",{"to":154,"label":155,"label_zh":156,"children":849},[850,854,858,862,866,870,874,878,882],{"to":851,"label":852,"label_zh":853},"\u002Farts\u002Fincense\u002Forigins-history-of-incense-culture","Origins and History of Chinese Incense Culture","中国香文化的源流与历史",{"to":855,"label":856,"label_zh":857},"\u002Farts\u002Fincense\u002Faromatic-materials-fragrant-woods","Aromatic Materials: Woods, Resins and Responsible 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It brings together observations of landform, orientation, water, buildings and correlative cosmology. It should not be reduced to decorative rules, nor presented as a scientifically proven way to guarantee health, wealth or relationships.\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Classes introduce core vocabulary, the distinction between major approaches and the cultural contexts in which feng shui has been practised. Contemporary applications are discussed critically. 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Programmes may include Baduanjin, Taijiquan, qigong, standing practice, breathing and their cultural foundations.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Each listing provides its teacher, schedule, experience level and registration arrangements.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>本类别汇集武当内家功法与传统养生修习的小班课程、工作坊及静修活动，内容可涵盖八段锦、太极拳、气功、站桩、呼吸练习及相关文化基础。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>每项活动都会注明导师、日期、适合程度与报名方式，方便参加者选择合适的学习体验。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Finternal-arts-wellness",[],[],{"en":973,"zh":974},"Internal Arts & Wellness Events","内家功法与养生活动",{"en":976,"zh":977},"Explore Baduanjin, Taijiquan, qigong and traditional wellness classes, workshops and retreats listed by Wudang.Org.","探索八段锦、太极拳、气功与传统养生课程、工作坊及静修活动。","2026-08-16T19:23:45.000000Z",{"id":980,"uuid":981,"slug":982,"available_locales":983,"name":984,"description":987,"body":988,"path":989,"images":990,"image_urls":991,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":992,"seo_description":994,"sort_order":951,"is_active":952,"status":953,"created_at":997,"updated_at":955},10,"884ed965-8c72-49e2-acee-0fc2f7aec70a","face-reading-learning",[924,925,926],{"en":985,"zh":986},"Face Reading Learning","面相课程",[],[],"\u002Fevents\u002Fface-reading-learning",[],[],{"en":993},"Chinese Face Reading Classes and Workshops",{"en":995,"zh":996},"Learn Chinese face reading (面相) as a cultural tradition: its classical framework, history and uses, taught with clear limits on predictive claims.","把面相作为中国传统文化来学习：认识其经典框架、历史与用法，并清楚说明传统诠释的边界。","2026-08-30T17:01:43.000000Z",{"id":999,"uuid":1000,"slug":1001,"available_locales":1002,"name":1003,"description":1006,"body":1008,"path":1011,"images":1012,"image_urls":1013,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1014,"seo_description":1017,"sort_order":38,"is_active":952,"status":953,"created_at":954,"updated_at":955},2,"8792a80b-d0c8-4ef9-9634-5cb91827932b","zi-wei-dou-shu-learning",[924,925,926],{"en":1004,"zh":1005},"Zi Wei Dou Shu Learning","紫微斗数课程",{"en":1007,"zh":3},"Explore Purple Star Astrology as a traditional Chinese interpretive system, approached as cultural knowledge rather than scientific prediction.",{"en":1009,"zh":1010},"\u003Cp>Zi Wei Dou Shu 紫微斗數 organises birth information through palaces, stars and patterned relationships. The system has a substantial technical vocabulary and several interpretive traditions, but its predictive claims are not established by modern scientific evidence.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Courses explain how charts are structured, how symbols are read and how historical and contemporary practitioners differ. The aim is cultural literacy and disciplined reflection—not certainty about the future. Readings do not replace medical, legal, financial, employment or psychological expertise.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>紫微斗数依据出生信息，以宫位、星曜和彼此关系组织命盘。它具有复杂的术语与多种解释传统，但其预测主张并未得到现代科学证据的确立。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>课程说明命盘结构、符号阅读方法，以及历史与当代实践者之间的差异。学习目的在于文化理解与有纪律的自我反思，而不是获得关于未来的确定答案。相关解读不能代替医疗、法律、财务、就业或心理专业意见。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Fzi-wei-dou-shu-learning",[],[],{"en":1015,"zh":1016},"Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology) Classes","紫微斗数课程：命盘、宫位与星曜入门",{"en":1007,"zh":1018},"把紫微斗数作为中国传统诠释体系来学习，认识命盘、宫位与星曜，不把它包装成科学预测。",{"id":247,"uuid":1020,"slug":1021,"available_locales":1022,"name":1023,"description":1026,"body":1027,"path":1028,"images":1029,"image_urls":1030,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1031,"seo_description":1034,"sort_order":38,"is_active":952,"status":953,"created_at":1037,"updated_at":955},"09958025-4f1d-40e6-ae1c-8b1517ac824e","tea-arts",[924,925,926],{"en":1024,"zh":1025},"Tea Arts","茶艺",[],[],"\u002Fevents\u002Ftea-arts",[],[],{"en":1032,"zh":1033},"Chinese Tea Art Classes and Workshops","茶艺课程与工作坊",{"en":1035,"zh":1036},"Chinese tea art (茶艺) classes and workshops: tea types, brewing methods, tea-table etiquette and the quiet attention of sharing tea.","茶艺课程与工作坊：认识茶类、泡茶方法与茶席礼仪，在一席茶中体会从容与专注。","2026-08-16T17:13:57.000000Z",{"id":242,"uuid":1039,"slug":1040,"available_locales":1041,"name":1042,"description":1045,"body":1047,"path":1050,"images":1051,"image_urls":1052,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1053,"seo_description":1056,"sort_order":999,"is_active":952,"status":953,"created_at":954,"updated_at":955},"e52a261e-348a-4b8a-bd51-43f4e6b1d861","ba-zi-learning",[924,925,926],{"en":1043,"zh":1044},"Ba Zi Learning","八字课程",{"en":1046,"zh":3},"Study the Four Pillars as a traditional system of stems, branches and five-phase correspondence, with history and limitations made explicit.",{"en":1048,"zh":1049},"\u003Cp>Ba Zi 八字 interprets year, month, day and hour through the heavenly stems, earthly branches, yin-yang and five-phase relationships. It is an influential part of Chinese metaphysical culture, not an observational science in the modern empirical sense.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Classes introduce chart structure, terminology and common interpretive methods while distinguishing tradition from evidence. Students are encouraged to treat readings as prompts for reflection and never as guarantees, diagnoses or substitutes for professional advice.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>八字以年、月、日、时四柱为框架，通过天干、地支、阴阳与五行关系进行解释。它是中国术数文化中影响深远的传统体系，并非现代经验科学。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>课程介绍命盘结构、基本术语和常见诠释方法，同时说明传统观点与科学证据的差别。学员可把解读作为反思的线索，但不应把它当作保证、诊断，或任何专业意见的替代品。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Fba-zi-learning",[],[],{"en":1054,"zh":1055},"BaZi (Four Pillars) Classes and Courses","八字课程：四柱、天干地支与五行入门",{"en":1046,"zh":1057},"学习四柱中的天干、地支与五行关系，理解其历史与方法，也清楚区分传统诠释和现代实证知识。",{"id":69,"uuid":1059,"slug":1060,"available_locales":1061,"name":1062,"description":1065,"body":1066,"path":1067,"images":1068,"image_urls":1069,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1070,"seo_description":1073,"sort_order":999,"is_active":952,"status":953,"created_at":1037,"updated_at":955},"76718b8e-3137-42fc-a257-c9e318b3e364","incense-culture",[924,925,926],{"en":1063,"zh":1064},"Incense Culture","香文化",[],[],"\u002Fevents\u002Fincense-culture",[],[],{"en":1071,"zh":1072},"Chinese Incense Culture Workshops","香文化活动与工作坊",{"en":1074,"zh":1075},"Workshops on Chinese incense culture (香文化): aromatic materials, traditional ways of preparing and appreciating incense, and incense as calm attention.","香文化活动与工作坊：认识香材、传统制香与品香方式，在一炉香中练习安静与专注。",{"id":1077,"uuid":1078,"slug":1079,"available_locales":1080,"name":1081,"description":1084,"body":1087,"path":1090,"images":1091,"image_urls":1092,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1093,"seo_description":1095,"sort_order":999,"is_active":952,"status":953,"created_at":1096,"updated_at":955},11,"c39cc557-40eb-4266-9736-7fb84891d407","i-ching-learning",[924,925,926],{"en":1082,"zh":1083},"I Ching Learning","易经课程",{"en":1085,"zh":1086},"Explore the I Ching through its hexagrams, traditional interpretive methods and historical context, with scope and limitations made explicit.","通过卦象、传统解读方法与历史语境认识《易经》，并清楚说明其适用范围与局限。",{"en":1088,"zh":1089},"\u003Cp>The I Ching 易经 is a classical Chinese text centred on sixty-four hexagrams and a long history of commentary and divination. It has shaped Chinese philosophy, cosmology and metaphysical practice, but its divinatory claims are not established as modern empirical science.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Classes introduce structures, terminology and traditional methods such as Liu Yao while distinguishing cultural study from evidence. Readings should be treated as prompts for reflection, not guarantees, diagnoses or substitutes for professional advice.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>《易经》是一部以六十四卦为核心的中国经典，形成了悠久的注疏与占筮传统，并深刻影响中国哲学、宇宙观与术数文化；其占筮主张并非现代经验科学所证实。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>课程介绍基本结构、术语和六爻等传统方法，同时区分文化学习与科学证据。解读宜作为反思线索，不应视为保证、诊断或任何专业意见的替代品。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Fi-ching-learning",[],[],{"en":1094,"zh":1083},"I Ching Classes and Courses",{"en":1085,"zh":1086},"2026-09-08T00:15:35.000000Z",{"id":21,"uuid":1098,"slug":1099,"available_locales":1100,"name":1101,"description":1104,"body":1107,"path":1110,"images":1111,"image_urls":1112,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1113,"seo_description":1116,"sort_order":242,"is_active":952,"status":953,"created_at":1119,"updated_at":955},"ee2330c6-5a3e-4ac2-a2d1-1a0dc110c58c","traditional-arts-crafts",[924,925,926],{"en":1102,"zh":1103},"Traditional Arts & Crafts","传统艺术与手作",{"en":1105,"zh":1106},"Hands-on workshops exploring Chinese handicrafts and decorative arts through guided making and cultural appreciation.","通过亲手制作与文化欣赏，体验中国传统手作及装饰艺术。",{"en":1108,"zh":1109},"\u003Cp>Discover practical workshops in Chinese decorative arts and handcraft traditions. Activities may include gold-leaf painting, cloisonné enamel, mother-of-pearl work, Song brocade and other guided projects.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>These welcoming sessions introduce materials, techniques and cultural context while allowing participants to complete a piece of their own.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>本类别汇集中国传统装饰艺术与手作体验，内容可涵盖金箔画、掐丝珐琅、螺钿工艺、宋锦及其他创作项目。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>课程以轻松易懂的方式介绍材料、技法与文化背景，让参加者在导师带领下完成属于自己的作品。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Ftraditional-arts-crafts",[],[],{"en":1114,"zh":1115},"Traditional Arts & Crafts Events","传统艺术与手作活动",{"en":1117,"zh":1118},"Explore Chinese handicraft and decorative arts workshops, including gold-leaf, cloisonné, mother-of-pearl and brocade.","探索金箔画、掐丝珐琅、螺钿、宋锦等中国传统手作及装饰艺术体验。","2026-08-16T19:24:04.000000Z",{"id":212,"uuid":1121,"slug":1122,"available_locales":1123,"name":1124,"description":1127,"body":1130,"path":1133,"images":1134,"image_urls":1135,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1136,"seo_description":1138,"sort_order":247,"is_active":952,"status":953,"created_at":1141,"updated_at":955},"824f78c1-1181-4983-bae5-77e7cdbbbc1d","wudang-community",[924,925,926],{"en":1125,"zh":1126},"Wudang Community","武当社群活动",{"en":1128,"zh":1129},"Talks, broadcasts and community gatherings connecting people with Wudang culture, learning and living practice.","通过讲座、直播与社群聚会，连接武当文化、学习与日常实践。",{"en":1131,"zh":1132},"\u003Cp>Wudang Community brings together public talks, livestreams, gatherings and shared cultural activities connected with Wudang.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>These programmes create welcoming ways to meet practitioners, explore ideas and participate in a growing community of learning and practice.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>武当社群活动汇集与武当文化相关的公开讲座、直播、聚会及共享文化体验。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>这些活动以友善开放的方式连接练习者与学习者，让大家交流心得、认识传统，并共同参与持续发展的文化社群。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Fwudang-community",[],[],{"en":1137,"zh":1126},"Wudang Community Events",{"en":1139,"zh":1140},"Discover Wudang community talks, broadcasts and gatherings connecting people with culture, learning and living practice.","探索连接武当文化、学习与日常实践的讲座、直播及社群聚会。","2026-08-16T19:24:18.000000Z",{"id":16,"uuid":1143,"slug":1144,"available_locales":1145,"name":1146,"description":1149,"body":1150,"path":1151,"images":1152,"image_urls":1153,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1154,"seo_description":1157,"sort_order":69,"is_active":952,"status":953,"created_at":1160,"updated_at":955},"25641c0b-8e5a-46d7-9b18-95c344015f97","wudang-journeys-retreats",[924,925,926],{"en":1147,"zh":1148},"Wudang Journeys & Retreats","武当旅修与行程",[],[],"\u002Fevents\u002Fwudang-journeys-retreats",[],[],{"en":1155,"zh":1156},"Wudang Mountain Retreats and Guided Journeys","武当山旅修与静修行程",{"en":1158,"zh":1159},"Guided journeys and retreats to Wudang Mountain that combine practice, temple visits and cultural learning, with itineraries and expectations set out clearly.","前往武当山的旅修与静修：结合修习、宫观参访与文化学习，提前说明行程安排与参加须知。","2026-08-18T11:09:38.000000Z",{"data":1162},{"hero_type":1163,"hero_image":1164,"hero_image_alt":1165,"hero_youtube_id":1166,"hero_content_on":952,"hero_heading":1167,"hero_subheading":1168,"hero_text":1169,"hero_subheading_zh":1170,"hero_text_zh":1171,"hero_buttons":1172,"home_seo":1178,"page_layout":1184,"shop_enabled":1185,"contact":1186,"journey":1202},"image","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fsite\u002Fwudanghomepagehero.webp","Wudang mountain temple in mist","VgirFbjpiy4","武当文化，道在日常\nWudang Culture, Practised with Purpose","A place for learning. A home for living culture.","Explore Taoist thought, internal arts, literati traditions and Wudang Mountain through grounded learning in Singapore and beyond.","这里既是学习之地，也是让文化融入日常的所在。","从道家思想、内家武术、文人雅艺与武当山出发，以清晰、踏实的方式，在新加坡及世界各地认识和体验武当文化。",[1173,1175],{"label":1174,"link":278},"Start Your Wudang Journey",{"label":1176,"link":1177},"View Events & Courses","\u002Fevents",{"title":1179,"description":1181},{"en":1180,"zh":3},"Wudang Mountain: Tai Chi, Qigong & Taoist Culture",{"en":1182,"zh":1183},"Explore Wudang Mountain through Tai Chi, Qigong, Daoist philosophy, martial arts, traditional arts, wellness, culture and everyday life in Wudang.","从太极、气功、道家思想、武术、传统雅艺与养生文化认识武当山，探索武当文化及武当山的日常生活。","sidebar",false,{"methods":1187,"has_any":952,"text":1195},{"email":1188,"whatsapp":1189,"wechat_id":1190,"wechat_qr_url":1191,"instagram":1192,"instagram_handle":1193,"facebook":1194,"facebook_handle":1193},"hello@wudang.org","+6588169599","Cldjcll0305","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fcontact\u002Fkcs9Z5IEY7CugW2mEYA8.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.instagram.com\u002Fleewudang.sg","@leewudang.sg","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.facebook.com\u002Fleewudang.sg\u002F",{"china_heading_en":1196,"china_heading_zh":1197,"china_company_en":1198,"china_company_zh":1199,"china_address_en":1200,"china_address_zh":1201},"China Operations","中国运营","Xunwei Wudang Co., Ltd.","寻味武当有限公司","No. 72 Jianhe 2nd Road, Wangjiayuan, Wudang Mountain, Shiyan, Hubei, China","湖北省十堰市武当山王家园剑河二路72号",{"title_en":3,"title_zh":3,"intro_en":3,"intro_zh":3,"enabled":952},{"data":1204},{"to":505,"type":1205,"available_locales":1206,"is_content_page":952,"title":1207,"subtitle":1208,"body":1211,"hero_image_url":1214,"hero_width":1215,"hero_height":1216,"hero_image_alt":1217,"hero_image_decorative":1185,"hero_credit":1220,"hero_alt":1227,"hero_style":1228,"card_layout":1229,"link_type":3,"link_ref":3,"seo_title":1230,"seo_description":1233,"children":1236},"page",[924,925,926],{"en":506,"zh":507},{"en":1209,"zh":1210},"How months, solar terms, festivals and phenological signs guide interpretation—and why a literary season is not automatically an exact date.","月序、节气、节日与物候怎样帮助释诗，以及文学季节为何不能自动换算成准确日期。",{"en":1212,"zh":1213},"\u003Ch2>A season in a poem is not yet a date\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>Seasonal words work on several levels\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>A poem may name spring, a numbered month, a solar term, a festival, a plant, a bird or a change in weather. These clues can locate an utterance within the year, but they also carry literary memory, ritual associations and emotional contrast. The Cambridge edition of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fassets.cambridge.org\u002F97805214\u002F17822\u002Ffrontmatter\u002F9780521417822_frontmatter.pdf\">Fan Chengda’s poetry\u003C\u002Fa> retains traditional calendar dates because classical verse is closely connected to seasonal cycles and festivals. A reader should therefore ask what kind of time-marker appears before converting it into a modern date.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>The safest first question is what the text actually says\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>‘Autumn’ may describe an experienced season, a conventional atmosphere, a remembered scene or a contrast chosen by an editor’s title. A blossom can indicate local observation, an inherited phrase or both. The history of \u003Ca href=\"\u002Farts\u002Fflower-arrangement\u002Fseasonal-flowers-and-symbolism\">seasonal flowers and symbolism\u003C\u002Fa> shows why a flower has no single timeless meaning. Record the poem’s exact wording, title and earliest witness before turning an image into biography or chronology.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Chinese seasonal time used overlapping systems\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>Months and solar terms answer different questions\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>Traditional Chinese calendars are lunisolar: numbered months follow lunar cycles, while the twenty-four solar terms track the sun’s annual motion. UNESCO’s account of the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fich.unesco.org\u002Fen\u002FRL\u002Fthe-twenty-four-solar-terms-knowledge-in-china-of-time-and-practices-developed-through-observation-of-the-suns-annual-motion-00647\">Twenty-Four Solar Terms\u003C\u002Fa> describes a cycle from Beginning of Spring to Greater Cold, developed through astronomy and observation of seasonal change. A poem dated to the ninth month is not dated by the same mechanism as one written ‘at White Dew’ or ‘on the winter solstice’.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>The calendar was also a cultural order\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>The \u003Cem>Yueling\u003C\u002Fem>, or Monthly Ordinances, correlates months with stars, weather, plants, animals, music, ritual and government. Its \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fctext.org\u002Fliji\u002Fyue-ling\u002Fens\">season-by-season prescriptions\u003C\u002Fa> are evidence for an influential textual scheme, not a weather report for every place or century. The site’s guide to \u003Ca href=\"\u002Fchinese-metaphysics\u002Fdate-selection\u002Ftwenty-four-solar-terms-seasonal-time-chinese-calendar\">the twenty-four solar terms\u003C\u002Fa> explains the calendrical framework; this article asks how poets and readers turned such frameworks into literary time.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Phenology gave poets a vocabulary of change\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>Plants, animals and weather could signal position in the year\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>A study of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fjournal.kci.go.kr\u002Fkucsi\u002Farchive\u002FarticleView?artiId=ART002505695\">phenological consciousness in Tang poetry\u003C\u002Fa> links poetic observation to systems such as the solar terms, seventy-two pentads and \u003Cem>Yueling\u003C\u002Fem>. Wind, dew, thunder, flowering, falling leaves, birds and insects could place a scene within an expected sequence. These signs made time perceptible through bodies and landscapes rather than through a date alone.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>Expected sequence and witnessed event are not identical\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>A seasonal sign may be observed, anticipated, remembered or quoted. Local temperature, altitude and rainfall can shift flowering and migration; a poet can also use inherited diction after leaving the place it evokes. Scientists testing \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcp.copernicus.org\u002Farticles\u002F17\u002F929\u002F2021\u002Findex.html\">phenological records in Tang and Song poems\u003C\u002Fa> require conservative filtering by genre, rhetoric, location, species and human influence. Literary readers need the same caution: vivid natural detail is evidence, but not automatically an instrument reading or diary entry.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Festivals made time social\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>An occasion could gather ritual, food, travel and verse\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>New Year, Lantern Festival, Cold Food, Qingming, Double Fifth, Double Seventh, Mid-Autumn, Double Ninth, the winter solstice and year’s end generated changing practices across dynasties and regions. Research on \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Ftci.ncl.edu.tw\u002Fcgi-bin\u002Fgs32\u002Fgsweb.cgi?o=dnclresource&s=id%3D%22101HCU00045005%22.&searchmode=basic&tcihsspage=tcisearch_opt1_search\">seasonal festivals in Tang poetry\u003C\u002Fa> treats festival verse as a way to study court rites and popular customs, while also warning against careless origin stories. The neighboring guide to \u003Ca href=\"\u002Fdaoism\u002Ftaoist-festivals-rituals\">Daoist festivals and rituals\u003C\u002Fa> covers religious calendars; a poem about a festival may instead be courtly, familial, local, commemorative or mixed.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>Festival poems often register presence and absence\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>A fixed occasion could intensify social distance: who is at court, at home, on the road, in exile or remembered from elsewhere. Gifts, replies and shared compositions might belong to the occasion, but a festival title alone does not prove that all named people met. The guide to \u003Ca href=\"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-poetry-social-exchange-gifts-farewells-replies-rhyme-matching\">poetry as social exchange\u003C\u002Fa> helps distinguish a textual relationship from a fully documented gathering. Date, participant and place each require their own evidence.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fpages\u002FCca7DMSVv176e0Yumtue.webp\" alt=\"Cool top-down conceptual arrangement with twenty-four unnumbered glass markers around a blank paper circle and four seasonal plant specimens\" loading=\"lazy\">\u003Cfigcaption>AI-generated modern teaching still life about overlapping seasonal cycles. It is not a historical calendar, manuscript, artifact, collection object or record of a real place or event.\u003C\u002Ffigcaption>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\u003Ch2>Geography changes what a season looks like\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>The same calendar term can meet different weather\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>A solar term is a shared position in the annual cycle, not a promise that every region will show the same temperature, rain, blossoms or harvest on that day. North and south, coast and interior, valley and highland can diverge sharply. The National Palace Museum’s overview of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.npm.edu.tw\u002FPublications-Content.aspx?l=2&p=1&q=&sno=04014011&type=\">Chinese seasonal time\u003C\u002Fa> usefully places four seasons, festivals, months, solar terms and pentads together; a poem still has to be returned to its particular geography.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>Movement can make several seasonal worlds appear in one life\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>Travel, reassignment and exile expose writers to unfamiliar climates and local calendars. A remembered home season may be set against present weather, while a place-name can carry literary associations beyond what the traveler saw. Read the guides to \u003Ca href=\"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-travel-writing-youji-routes-witness-making-place\">Chinese travel writing\u003C\u002Fa> and \u003Ca href=\"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Ftaoist-landscape-poetry\">Daoist traditions and landscape poetry\u003C\u002Fa> alongside the poem. Route, viewpoint and textual convention matter as much as a generic label such as ‘spring scene’.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Literary seasons are patterned but not a codebook\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>Spring and autumn do not exhaust poetic time\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>Spring renewal and autumn decline are powerful recurrent patterns, yet summer heat, winter cold, monsoon rain, snow, agricultural work and festival cycles also organize poems. A classic study of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fccj.pku.edu.cn\u002Farticle\u002Finfo?id=277089101\">seasonal consciousness in Chinese poetry\u003C\u002Fa> notes important differences in the literary weight of spring, autumn, summer and winter. Patterns help comparison; they do not authorize replacing a poem with a dictionary entry such as ‘autumn equals sadness’.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>Convention can make an observation more—not less—specific\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>A poet may choose an inherited image because readers know its earlier uses, then alter setting, sequence or speaker. Convention and experience are therefore not mutually exclusive. One line can recall earlier poetry while responding to present weather or a current separation. The guide to \u003Ca href=\"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-poetry-anthologies-canon-transmission\">Chinese poetry anthologies\u003C\u002Fa> shows how later selection makes some seasonal patterns especially familiar and leaves other voices less visible.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Calendar clues can help chronology, but only with controls\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>Du Fu shows both the promise and the danger\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>Research moving \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Ftoaj.stpi.niar.org.tw\u002Findex\u002Fjournal\u002Fvolume\u002Farticle\u002F4b1141f98e119929018e11abd041001e\">from Beginning of Spring to First Frost in Du Fu’s poetry\u003C\u002Fa> demonstrates that solar terms can matter for interpretation and dating. It also shows how an earlier commentator’s calculations failed when they used inadequate knowledge of the Tang calendar. A plausible season is not enough: historical calendar reconstruction, the poet’s location, textual variants and the reliability of a title or preface must agree.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>A date should be expressed at the precision the evidence allows\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>If a poem states a festival and a reign year, conversion may be possible after checking the relevant calendar. If it mentions only cold rain and fading leaves, ‘autumnal setting’ may be all that can responsibly be said. Distinguish the composition date, the date of the event described and the date supplied by a later editor. The site’s \u003Ca href=\"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fkey-poets-further-reading\">reading paths for Chinese poetry\u003C\u002Fa> can help locate editions and scholarship rather than forcing a precise modern date from imagery alone.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>A practical method for reading seasonal time\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>Build four columns of evidence\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>First list explicit calendar words: month, day, solar term, festival or reign year. Second list environmental signs: plants, animals, weather and daylight. Third list social markers: court observance, family rite, journey, gift or gathering. Fourth list textual evidence: title, preface, earliest witness, variant readings and later commentary. Then ask whether the four columns reinforce one another or belong to different layers of transmission.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>Let uncertainty remain visible\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>Use phrases such as ‘set in spring’, ‘associated with Double Ninth’, ‘probably written while traveling’ or ‘dated by a later editor’ according to the evidence. Do not invent an exact day, ritual, local custom, flowering schedule or Wudang connection. Seasonal reading is most informative when calendar knowledge, lived environment, social occasion and literary precedent remain distinct enough to compare—and when a poem is allowed to create time rather than merely timestamp it.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ch2>诗中的季节，并不等于一个现成日期\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>季节词同时作用于多个层面\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>诗可以写春秋、月序、节气、节日、草木鸟兽或天气变化。这些线索能把话语放进一年之中，也会带出文学记忆、礼俗联想和情感对照。剑桥出版的\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fassets.cambridge.org\u002F97805214\u002F17822\u002Ffrontmatter\u002F9780521417822_frontmatter.pdf\">范成大诗歌译本\u003C\u002Fa>保留传统历日，理由正是中国古典诗同季节循环和岁时节日关系密切。读者应先判断所见是哪一种时间标记，再换算成现代日期。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>最稳妥的起点，是先看文本究竟说了什么\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>“秋”可能是亲历季候、约定气氛、追忆场景，也可能来自后人拟定的篇题；花木既可能是当地观察，也可能沿用前人语言。本站的\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fzh\u002Farts\u002Fflower-arrangement\u002Fseasonal-flowers-and-symbolism\">时令花卉与象征导读\u003C\u002Fa>说明一种花并没有千古不变的单一意义。把意象变成生平或编年以前，应先记录原词、篇题与最早见证。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>中国岁时文化使用彼此重叠的系统\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>月序与节气回答不同问题\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>中国传统历法是阴阳合历：月序依月相运行，二十四节气则依据太阳周年运动。联合国教科文组织关于\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fich.unesco.org\u002Fen\u002FRL\u002Fthe-twenty-four-solar-terms-knowledge-in-china-of-time-and-practices-developed-through-observation-of-the-suns-annual-motion-00647\">二十四节气\u003C\u002Fa>的说明，概括了从立春到大寒的循环，以及它同天文和物候观察的关系。诗写“九月”，同写“白露”或“冬至”，并不是同一种定时方法。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>历法也是一种文化秩序\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>《月令》把月令同星象、气候、动植物、乐律、礼仪和政事联系起来。其\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fctext.org\u002Fliji\u002Fyue-ling\u002Fens\">逐月安排\u003C\u002Fa>证明了一套影响深远的经典图式，却不是每个地区、每个时代的天气实录。本站的\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fzh\u002Fchinese-metaphysics\u002Fdate-selection\u002Ftwenty-four-solar-terms-seasonal-time-chinese-calendar\">二十四节气导读\u003C\u002Fa>说明历法框架；本文关注诗人和读者怎样把框架转化为文学时间。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>物候给诗人一套变化的语言\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>草木、鸟兽与天气可以提示年内位置\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>关于\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fjournal.kci.go.kr\u002Fkucsi\u002Farchive\u002FarticleView?artiId=ART002505695\">唐诗物候意识\u003C\u002Fa>的研究，把诗歌观察同节气、七十二候和《月令》等系统联系起来。风露雷电、花开叶落、鸟鸣虫动，都能让时间通过身体与景观变得可感，而不只依赖日期。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>预期顺序不等于亲眼见闻\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>季候征象可能是观察、预期、追忆或引用。气温、海拔与降水会改变花期和迁徙，诗人也可能离开原地后继续使用继承而来的辞藻。利用\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcp.copernicus.org\u002Farticles\u002F17\u002F929\u002F2021\u002Findex.html\">唐宋诗歌物候资料研究气候\u003C\u002Fa>的学者，必须按文类、修辞、地点、物种和人类影响保守筛选；文学阅读同样不能把生动细节自动当成仪器记录或日记。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>节日让时间成为社会关系\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>一个节日可以汇集礼仪、饮食、出行与诗歌\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>元正、元宵、寒食、清明、端午、七夕、中秋、重阳、冬至与岁除等活动，在不同朝代和地区不断变化。关于\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Ftci.ncl.edu.tw\u002Fcgi-bin\u002Fgs32\u002Fgsweb.cgi?o=dnclresource&s=id%3D%22101HCU00045005%22.&searchmode=basic&tcihsspage=tcisearch_opt1_search\">唐人岁时吟咏\u003C\u002Fa>的研究，借节日诗考察宫廷礼仪与民间习俗，同时反对草率的起源故事。本站的\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fzh\u002Fdaoism\u002Ftaoist-festivals-rituals\">道教节日与仪式\u003C\u002Fa>讨论宗教历法；一首节日诗也可能属于宫廷、家庭、地方或纪念语境。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>节日诗常把相聚与缺席放在一起\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>固定节期会放大社会距离：谁在朝廷、家中、旅途或贬所，谁又只存在于回忆。赠答、唱和可能属于这一时刻，但篇题写了节日，不足以证明所有被提及者都在同一处。本站的\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fzh\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-poetry-social-exchange-gifts-farewells-replies-rhyme-matching\">诗歌社会交往导读\u003C\u002Fa>提醒我们区分文本关系与有充分证据的聚会；日期、人物和地点都要分别求证。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cfigure>\u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fpages\u002FCca7DMSVv176e0Yumtue.webp\" alt=\"冷色俯拍概念静物：二十四枚无编号玻璃圆片环绕空白纸圆，四周放置四季植物标本\" loading=\"lazy\">\u003Cfigcaption>AI 生成的现代岁时循环教学静物；并非历史历法、古籍、文物、馆藏实物或真实地点与事件记录。\u003C\u002Ffigcaption>\u003C\u002Ffigure>\u003Ch2>地理会改变季节的样貌\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>同一节气可以遇到不同天气\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>节气表示共同的太阳周年位置，却不保证各地当天拥有同样的温度、降雨、花期或农事。南北、沿海内陆、谷地高山都可能差异明显。台北故宫关于\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.npm.edu.tw\u002FPublications-Content.aspx?l=2&p=1&q=&sno=04014011&type=\">中国岁时文化\u003C\u002Fa>的概述把四季、节庆、月令、节气和七十二候并置；具体诗篇仍须回到具体地理。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>迁徙会让一个人生出现多种季候世界\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>旅行、任官与贬谪使作者面对陌生气候和地方岁时；故乡季节可以同眼前天气形成对照，地名也可能承载超出亲见的文学联想。可把本站的\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fzh\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-travel-writing-youji-routes-witness-making-place\">中国游记导读\u003C\u002Fa>与\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fzh\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Ftaoist-landscape-poetry\">道教传统与山水诗\u003C\u002Fa>同诗篇互读。路线、视点与文体惯例，都比“春景”之类笼统标签更具体。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>文学季节有规律，却不是密码表\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>诗歌时间不只有伤春悲秋\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>春生秋落固然是强大的反复模式，暑热、严寒、梅雨、雪景、农事和节日循环同样组织诗篇。关于\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fccj.pku.edu.cn\u002Farticle\u002Finfo?id=277089101\">中国古典诗季节意识\u003C\u002Fa>的经典研究指出，春秋与夏冬在文学分量上存在差别。模式有助于比较，却不能让我们用“秋等于悲”之类词典答案替代诗本身。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>沿用传统也可能让观察更具体\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>诗人可以因为读者熟悉旧意象而选择它，再改变场景、次序或说话者。因此，惯例与经验不是非此即彼；一行诗既能回应前人，也能指向眼前天气或当下离别。本站的\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fzh\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fchinese-poetry-anthologies-canon-transmission\">中国诗歌选本导读\u003C\u002Fa>说明后世编选怎样放大某些季节模式，也让其他声音变得不易看见。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>历日线索可以帮助编年，但必须受控制\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>杜诗显示了可能性，也显示了危险\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>从\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Ftoaj.stpi.niar.org.tw\u002Findex\u002Fjournal\u002Fvolume\u002Farticle\u002F4b1141f98e119929018e11abd041001e\">立春到霜降解读杜诗\u003C\u002Fa>的研究表明，节气确实能影响释义与编年；它也指出宋代注家因不了解唐代历法而推算失误。合理季节并不足够，历史历法、作者地点、文本异文，以及篇题或序言是否可靠，必须互相符合。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>日期精度应当服从证据精度\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>若诗明载节日与年号，核对当时历法后可能换算日期；若只有冷雨与落叶，最稳妥的结论也许只是“秋日背景”。还要区分作诗日期、诗中事件日期与后人编定日期。本站的\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fzh\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature\u002Fkey-poets-further-reading\">中国诗歌阅读路径\u003C\u002Fa>可帮助寻找版本与研究，避免仅凭意象强求精确公历日。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>阅读岁时诗的实用方法\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Ch3>先建立四栏证据\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>第一栏记录明示历日：月、日、节气、节日、年号；第二栏记录环境征象：草木、鸟兽、天气、日照；第三栏记录社会标志：朝仪、家祭、旅途、赠答或聚会；第四栏记录文本见证：篇题、序、最早版本、异文和后世注释。然后判断四栏是否互相支持，还是来自不同传承层次。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>让不确定性保持可见\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>根据证据强弱，可以说“设于春日”“同重阳有关”“可能作于旅途”或“由后世编者系年”。不要虚构准确日期、仪式、地方习俗、花期或武当专属实践。岁时阅读最有价值之处，是让历法知识、实际环境、社会场合与文学传统既互相关联，又保持足够区分，并承认诗可以创造时间，而不只是给事件盖上日期章。\u003C\u002Fp>","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fpages\u002FoberMc6HT6CLgGSHpbNF.webp",1672,941,{"en":1218,"zh":1219},"Warm fictional contemporary study scene with an anonymous reader facing an early-spring landscape and a closed blank notebook on a wooden table","暖色虚构现代研习场景：一位不具名读者面向早春景色，木桌上放着合起的空白笔记本",{"caption":1221,"creator":1222,"source_url":1223,"license_label":1224,"license_url":1225,"changes":1226},"AI-generated fictional contemporary study scene; not a real historical setting, Wudang location, poem, manuscript, person or event.","OpenAI","https:\u002F\u002Fopenai.com\u002F","AI-generated image","https:\u002F\u002Fopenai.com\u002Fpolicies\u002Fterms-of-use\u002F","Generated independently for this article and converted to WebP without compositing.",{"en":1218,"zh":1219},"banner","list",{"en":1231,"zh":1232},"Seasons in Chinese Poetry: Calendars, Festivals and Time","中国诗歌里的季节：历法、节日与文学时间",{"en":1234,"zh":1235},"Learn how Chinese poems use months, solar terms, festivals, weather and plants—and why seasonal clues require calendar, place and textual evidence.","了解中国诗歌怎样使用月序、节气、节日、天气与草木，以及季节线索为何必须结合历法、地点和文本证据。",[],{"data":1238},[1239,1315,1417,1508],{"id":1240,"slug":1241,"available_locales":1242,"path":1243,"title":1244,"venue":1247,"hero_image_url":3,"card_image_url":1250,"card_landscape_url":1251,"lifecycle":1252,"session_mode":1253,"sessions":1254,"next_session":1314},15601,"liu-yao-beginner-course",[924,925,926],"\u002Fevents\u002Fi-ching-learning\u002Fliu-yao-beginner-course",{"en":1245,"zh":1246},"Liu Yao Beginner 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2026","2026年11月21日",21,"Sat",{"status":1256,"date_slug":1288,"time_label":1258,"timezone_abbr":1259,"date_label":1289,"date_label_fr":1290,"date_short_fr":1291,"date_only_fr":1292,"date_range_label_fr":3,"time_label_fr":1264,"date_label_zh":1293,"date_short":1294,"date_short_zh":1295,"date_only":1296,"date_only_zh":1297,"is_multi_day":1185,"date_range_label":3,"date_range_label_zh":3,"day_of_month":147,"month_short":1298,"month_long":1299,"month_num":147,"year":1272,"weekday_short":1286,"weekday_index":60},"2026-12-12","Saturday, 12 December 2026","samedi 12 décembre 2026","sam. 12 déc.","12 déc. 2026","2026年12月12日 星期六","Sat 12 Dec","12月12日 周六","12 Dec 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2027","2027年1月17日","Jan","January",2027,{"status":1256,"date_slug":1257,"time_label":1258,"timezone_abbr":1259,"date_label":1260,"date_label_fr":1261,"date_short_fr":1262,"date_only_fr":1263,"date_range_label_fr":3,"time_label_fr":1264,"date_label_zh":1265,"date_short":1266,"date_short_zh":1267,"date_only":1268,"date_only_zh":1269,"is_multi_day":1185,"date_range_label":3,"date_range_label_zh":3,"day_of_month":38,"month_short":1270,"month_long":1271,"month_num":1077,"year":1272,"weekday_short":1273,"weekday_index":951},{"id":1316,"slug":1317,"available_locales":1318,"path":1319,"title":1320,"venue":1323,"hero_image_url":1324,"card_image_url":1324,"card_landscape_url":1325,"lifecycle":1326,"session_mode":1253,"sessions":1327,"next_session":1416},78700,"baduanjin-workshop-september",[924,925,926],"\u002Fevents\u002Finternal-arts-wellness\u002Fbaduanjin-workshop-september",{"en":1321,"zh":1322},"Baduanjin Workshop — November 2026 Sessions","古法八段锦 · 2026年11月班",{"en":1248,"zh":1249},"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fevents\u002FWU46jadRUq4I84xPdaTQ.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fevents\u002Fvariants\u002FCQB6xxmg8kF7eqWPQgAl-16x9.webp","upcoming",[1328,1345,1357,1370,1381,1382,1393,1404],{"status":1329,"date_slug":1330,"time_label":1331,"timezone_abbr":1259,"date_label":1332,"date_label_fr":1333,"date_short_fr":1334,"date_only_fr":1335,"date_range_label_fr":3,"time_label_fr":1336,"date_label_zh":1337,"date_short":1338,"date_short_zh":1339,"date_only":1340,"date_only_zh":1341,"is_multi_day":1185,"date_range_label":3,"date_range_label_zh":3,"day_of_month":1342,"month_short":1343,"month_long":1344,"month_num":16,"year":1272,"weekday_short":1273,"weekday_index":951},"completed","2026-09-13","10:00am–12:00pm","Sunday, 13 September 2026","dimanche 13 septembre 2026","dim. 13 sept.","13 sept. 2026","10:00–12:00","2026年9月13日 星期日","Sun 13 Sep","9月13日 周日","13 Sep 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