[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-nav-reference-en":3,"site-nav-zh":4,"site-nav-zh-all-dao":289,"event-categories-zh":1088,"site-settings":1331,"node-zh-dao\u002Ftaiji":1373,"live-course-events":1446},null,{"data":5},{"header":6,"footer":264},[7,51,82,123,161,187,229,260],{"to":8,"label":9,"label_zh":10,"children":11},"\u002Fdao","TAO","道",[12,17,22,26,30,34,39,43,47],{"to":13,"label":14,"label_zh":15,"n":16},"\u002Fdao\u002Fintroduction","Begin with the Tao","道學入門",9,{"to":18,"label":19,"label_zh":20,"n":21},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing","I Ching","易經",7,{"to":23,"label":24,"label_zh":25,"n":16},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing","Tao Te Ching","道德經",{"to":27,"label":28,"label_zh":29,"n":21},"\u002Fdao\u002Ftaiji","Taiji","太極",{"to":31,"label":32,"label_zh":33,"n":21},"\u002Fdao\u002Fzhuang-zi","Zhuangzi","莊子",{"to":35,"label":36,"label_zh":37,"n":38},"\u002Fdao\u002Fclassics","Classical Library","道家經典文庫",1,{"to":40,"label":41,"label_zh":42},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdaoist-philosophy","Taoist Philosophy","道家哲學",{"to":44,"label":45,"label_zh":46},"\u002Fdao\u002Fwu-wei-natural-living","Wu Wei & Natural Living","無為與自然生活",{"to":48,"label":49,"label_zh":50},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdaoist-view-of-life","A Taoist View of Life","道家人生觀",{"to":52,"label":53,"label_zh":54,"children":55},"\u002Fmartial-arts","Martial Arts","武當武術",[56,61,65,70,74,78],{"to":57,"label":58,"label_zh":59,"n":60},"\u002Fmartial-arts\u002Ffoundations-internal-arts","Foundations of Internal Martial Arts","內家拳基礎",6,{"to":62,"label":63,"label_zh":64,"n":21},"\u002Fmartial-arts\u002Ftaijiquan","Taijiquan (Tai Chi)","太極拳",{"to":66,"label":67,"label_zh":68,"n":69},"\u002Fmartial-arts\u002Fbaguazhang","Baguazhang: Circle Walking, Palm Changes and Movement","八卦掌：走圈、換掌與身法變化",5,{"to":71,"label":72,"label_zh":73,"n":69},"\u002Fmartial-arts\u002Fxingyiquan","Xingyiquan: Structure, Intention and Direct Training","形意拳：結構、意念與直接訓練",{"to":75,"label":76,"label_zh":77,"n":21},"\u002Fmartial-arts\u002Fweapons","Wudang Sword and Weapons: History, Practice and Context","武當劍與兵器：歷史、練習與文化語境",{"to":79,"label":80,"label_zh":81,"n":21},"\u002Fmartial-arts\u002Ftraining-practice","Training and Practice: Building a Sustainable Wudang Routine","訓練與習練：建立可持續的武當練習",{"to":83,"label":84,"label_zh":85,"children":86},"\u002Fwellness","Wellness","養生",[87,91,95,99,103,107,111,115,119],{"to":88,"label":89,"label_zh":90,"n":21},"\u002Fwellness\u002Fqigong","Qigong","氣功",{"to":92,"label":93,"label_zh":94,"n":60},"\u002Fwellness\u002Fherbal-healing","Chinese Herbal Medicine","中藥與本草",{"to":96,"label":97,"label_zh":98,"n":60},"\u002Fwellness\u002Ftaoist-medicine","Taoist Medicine","道家醫學",{"to":100,"label":101,"label_zh":102,"n":60},"\u002Fwellness\u002Fenergy-sound-healing","Sound & Energy Practices","聲音與能量練習",{"to":104,"label":105,"label_zh":106},"\u002Fwellness\u002Fstanding-practice","Standing Practice","站樁",{"to":108,"label":109,"label_zh":110},"\u002Fwellness\u002Fwudang-internal-cultivation","Wudang Internal Cultivation","武當內修",{"to":112,"label":113,"label_zh":114},"\u002Fwellness\u002Fmoxibustion","Moxibustion","艾灸",{"to":116,"label":117,"label_zh":118},"\u002Fwellness\u002Fbigu","Bigu","辟穀",{"to":120,"label":121,"label_zh":122,"n":38},"\u002Fwellness\u002Fbaduanjin","Baduanjin (Eight Brocades)","八段錦",{"to":124,"label":125,"label_zh":126,"children":127},"\u002Farts","Literati Arts","文人雅藝",[128,133,138,143,148,153,157],{"to":129,"label":130,"label_zh":131,"n":132},"\u002Farts\u002Fchinese-poetry-literature","Chinese Poetry and Literature: Forms, Contexts and Reading Paths","中國詩詞與文學：體式、語境與閱讀路徑",49,{"to":134,"label":135,"label_zh":136,"n":137},"\u002Farts\u002Fcalligraphy","Chinese Calligraphy: Scripts, Materials and Ways of Looking","中國書法：書體、材料與觀賞入門",17,{"to":139,"label":140,"label_zh":141,"n":142},"\u002Farts\u002Ftea-ceremony","Chinese Tea Culture","中國茶文化",39,{"to":144,"label":145,"label_zh":146,"n":147},"\u002Farts\u002Fguqin","Guqin: Sound, History and Ways to Listen","古琴：認識聲音、歷史與聆聽方法",12,{"to":149,"label":150,"label_zh":151,"n":152},"\u002Farts\u002Fpainting","Chinese Painting: Materials, Formats and Ways of Looking","中國繪畫：材料、形制與觀看方法",15,{"to":154,"label":155,"label_zh":156,"n":16},"\u002Farts\u002Fincense","Chinese Incense Culture","中國香文化",{"to":158,"label":159,"label_zh":160,"n":21},"\u002Farts\u002Fflower-arrangement","Chinese Flower Arrangement: History, Materials and Ways of Looking","中國插花：歷史、花材與觀看方法",{"to":162,"label":163,"label_zh":164,"children":165},"\u002Fdaoism","Taoist Culture","道教文化",[166,170,174,178,183],{"to":167,"label":168,"label_zh":169,"n":16},"\u002Fdaoism\u002Ftaoist-deities-pantheon","Taoist Deities and the Chinese Pantheon: A Structural Guide","道教神仙與神明體系：結構與層級指南",{"to":171,"label":172,"label_zh":173,"n":21},"\u002Fdaoism\u002Ftaoist-temples-sacred-mountains","Taoist Temples and Sacred Mountains: A Guide to Places and Architecture","道教名山與宮觀：聖地、建築與制度指南",{"to":175,"label":176,"label_zh":177,"n":21},"\u002Fdaoism\u002Ftaoist-schools-lineages","Taoist Schools and Lineages: Zhengyi, Quanzhen and Historical Traditions","道教流派與傳承：正一、全真及歷史道派",{"to":179,"label":180,"label_zh":181,"n":182},"\u002Fdaoism\u002Ftaoist-festivals-rituals","Taoist Festivals and Rituals: Calendars, Offerings and Community Rites","道教節日與科儀：神誕、齋醮與歲時儀式",19,{"to":184,"label":185,"label_zh":186,"n":60},"\u002Fdaoism\u002Feight-immortals","The Eight Immortals: Origins, Symbols and Taoist Legends","八仙：人物、象徵與道教傳說",{"to":188,"label":189,"label_zh":190,"children":191},"\u002Fchinese-metaphysics","Chinese Metaphysics","易學與傳統術數",[192,196,200,204,208,213,217,221,225],{"to":193,"label":194,"label_zh":195,"n":21},"\u002Fchinese-metaphysics\u002Fyin-yang-five-elements","Yin-Yang and the Five Phases in Chinese Thought","陰陽五行：理解關係與變化",{"to":197,"label":198,"label_zh":199,"n":21},"\u002Fchinese-metaphysics\u002Fganzhi-stems-branches","Chinese Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches (Ganzhi)","天干地支（干支）：中國曆法與術數的六十迴圈",{"to":201,"label":202,"label_zh":203,"n":21},"\u002Fchinese-metaphysics\u002Ffeng-shui","Chinese Feng Shui: Landscape, Compass Methods and Responsible Practice","中國風水：形勢、羅盤方法與負責任實踐",{"to":205,"label":206,"label_zh":207,"n":21},"\u002Fchinese-metaphysics\u002Fbazi-four-pillars","BaZi (Four Pillars of Destiny): How the Eight Characters Work","八字四柱命理：八個字如何構成命盤",{"to":209,"label":210,"label_zh":211,"n":212},"\u002Fchinese-metaphysics\u002Fzi-wei-dou-shu","Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology): How the Twelve-Palace Chart Works","紫微斗數：十二宮命盤如何運作",8,{"to":214,"label":215,"label_zh":216,"n":212},"\u002Fchinese-metaphysics\u002Fdate-selection","Chinese Date Selection: How Auspicious Days Are Chosen","中國擇吉：傳統吉日如何選擇",{"to":218,"label":219,"label_zh":220,"n":21},"\u002Fchinese-metaphysics\u002Fphysiognomy","Chinese Physiognomy: Face Reading, Palm Reading and Their Limits","中國相術：面相、手相及其侷限",{"to":222,"label":223,"label_zh":224,"n":21},"\u002Fchinese-metaphysics\u002Fdivination-arts","Chinese Divination Arts: Methods, History and Responsible Use","中國占卜術：方法、歷史與負責任使用",{"to":226,"label":227,"label_zh":228,"n":21},"\u002Fchinese-metaphysics\u002Fluoshu-hetu","The Hetu, Luoshu and Nine Palaces in Chinese Cosmology","河圖、洛書與九宮：中國傳統圖式的歷史與用途",{"to":230,"label":231,"label_zh":232,"children":233},"\u002Fwudang-mountain","Experience Wudang","武當之旅",[234,238,243,248,252,256],{"to":235,"label":236,"label_zh":237,"n":21},"\u002Fwudang-mountain\u002Fintroduction","Introduction to Wudang Mountain","初識武當山",{"to":239,"label":240,"label_zh":241,"n":242},"\u002Fwudang-mountain\u002Ftemples-and-sites","Wudang Mountain Temples and Sacred Sites","武當山宮觀與勝蹟",3,{"to":244,"label":245,"label_zh":246,"n":247},"\u002Fwudang-mountain\u002Fplanning-a-visit","Planning a Visit to Wudang Mountain","武當山行前規劃指南",4,{"to":249,"label":250,"label_zh":251,"n":242},"\u002Fwudang-mountain\u002Fstudying-at-wudang","Studying Martial Arts at Wudang Mountain","在武當山學習武術",{"to":253,"label":254,"label_zh":255,"n":242},"\u002Fwudang-mountain\u002Ftemple-etiquette","Wudang Temple Etiquette: A Visitor’s Guide","武當宮觀參訪禮儀",{"to":257,"label":258,"label_zh":259,"n":69},"\u002Fwudang-mountain\u002Fpractical-reference","Wudang Mountain Practical Reference","武當山實用參考資料",{"to":261,"label":262,"label_zh":263},"\u002Fwudang-mountain\u002Feveryday-wudang","Everyday Wudang","武當日常",[265,266,267,268,269,270,271,272,273,277,281,285],{"to":8,"label":9,"label_zh":10},{"to":52,"label":53,"label_zh":54},{"to":83,"label":84,"label_zh":85},{"to":124,"label":125,"label_zh":126},{"to":162,"label":163,"label_zh":164},{"to":188,"label":189,"label_zh":190},{"to":230,"label":231,"label_zh":232},{"to":261,"label":262,"label_zh":263},{"to":274,"label":275,"label_zh":276},"\u002Fabout","About Wudang.Org","關於 Wudang.Org",{"to":278,"label":279,"label_zh":280},"\u002Fstart-here","Start Here","從這裡開始",{"to":282,"label":283,"label_zh":284},"\u002Ffind-a-practice","Find a Practice","找到適合你的修習",{"to":286,"label":287,"label_zh":288},"\u002Fteachers","Our Teachers","授課老師",{"data":290},{"all":291,"header":1086,"footer":1087},[292],{"to":8,"label":9,"label_zh":10,"children":293},[294,332,619,981,1011,1040,1079,1080,1081,1082],{"to":13,"label":14,"label_zh":15,"children":295},[296,300,304,308,312,316,320,324,328],{"to":297,"label":298,"label_zh":299},"\u002Fdao\u002Fintroduction\u002Fwhat-is-taoism","What Is Taoism? A Map of Texts, Traditions and Practice","什麼是道家與道教？經典、傳統與實踐地圖",{"to":301,"label":302,"label_zh":303},"\u002Fdao\u002Fintroduction\u002Fthe-dao-explained","Tao: The Source of All Things","道生萬物",{"to":305,"label":306,"label_zh":307},"\u002Fdao\u002Fintroduction\u002Fcore-ideas","Core Ideas: Wu Wei, Yin-Yang & Ziran","核心概念：無為、陰陽與自然",{"to":309,"label":310,"label_zh":311},"\u002Fdao\u002Fintroduction\u002Fphilosophical-vs-religious","Philosophical and Religious Taoism: Distinct Paths, Shared Traditions","道家與道教：不同路徑，共同傳統",{"to":313,"label":314,"label_zh":315},"\u002Fdao\u002Fintroduction\u002Fa-short-history","A Short History of Taoism","道家與道教簡史",{"to":317,"label":318,"label_zh":319},"\u002Fdao\u002Fintroduction\u002Fkey-texts","Key Texts at a Glance","主要經典一覽",{"to":321,"label":322,"label_zh":323},"\u002Fdao\u002Fintroduction\u002Feveryday-life","Taoism in Everyday Life","道家思想與日常生活",{"to":325,"label":326,"label_zh":327},"\u002Fdao\u002Fintroduction\u002Funderstanding-taoism-in-context","Understanding Taoism in Context","認識道家與道教的文化脈絡",{"to":329,"label":330,"label_zh":331},"\u002Fdao\u002Fintroduction\u002Fwhere-to-go-next","Where to Go Next","接下來讀什麼",{"to":18,"label":19,"label_zh":20,"children":333},[334,338,342,603,607,611,615],{"to":335,"label":336,"label_zh":337},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Forigins-history","Origins & History of the I Ching","《易經》是怎麼來的",{"to":339,"label":340,"label_zh":341},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Feight-trigrams","The Eight Trigrams (Bagua)","八卦：八個符號各是什麼",{"to":343,"label":344,"label_zh":345,"children":346},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams","The 64 Hexagrams","周易六十四卦總覽：卦象、六爻與現代應用",[347,351,355,359,363,367,371,375,379,383,387,391,395,399,403,407,411,415,419,423,427,431,435,439,443,447,451,455,459,463,467,471,475,479,483,487,491,495,499,503,507,511,515,519,523,527,531,535,539,543,547,551,555,559,563,567,571,575,579,583,587,591,595,599],{"to":348,"label":349,"label_zh":350},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-01-qian","1 · Qian 乾 ䷀","第一卦 乾 ䷀",{"to":352,"label":353,"label_zh":354},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-02-kun","2 · Kun 坤 ䷁","第二卦 坤 ䷁",{"to":356,"label":357,"label_zh":358},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-03-zhun","3 · Zhun 屯 ䷂","第三卦 屯 ䷂",{"to":360,"label":361,"label_zh":362},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-04-meng","4 · Meng 蒙 ䷃","第四卦 蒙 ䷃",{"to":364,"label":365,"label_zh":366},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-05-xu","5 · Xu 需 ䷄","第五卦 需 ䷄",{"to":368,"label":369,"label_zh":370},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-06-song","6 · Song 訟 ䷅","第六卦 訟 ䷅",{"to":372,"label":373,"label_zh":374},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-07-shi","7 · Shi 師 ䷆","第七卦 師 ䷆",{"to":376,"label":377,"label_zh":378},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-08-bi","8 · Bi 比 ䷇","第八卦 比 ䷇",{"to":380,"label":381,"label_zh":382},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-09-xiao-xu","9 · Xiao Xu 小畜 ䷈","第九卦 小畜 ䷈",{"to":384,"label":385,"label_zh":386},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-10-lu","10 · Lü 履 ䷉","第十卦 履 ䷉",{"to":388,"label":389,"label_zh":390},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-11-tai","11 · Tai 泰 ䷊","第十一卦 泰 ䷊",{"to":392,"label":393,"label_zh":394},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-12-pi","12 · Pi 否 ䷋","第十二卦 否 ䷋",{"to":396,"label":397,"label_zh":398},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-13-tong-ren","13 · Tong Ren 同人 ䷌","第十三卦 同人 ䷌",{"to":400,"label":401,"label_zh":402},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-14-da-you","14 · Da You 大有 ䷍","第十四卦 大有 ䷍",{"to":404,"label":405,"label_zh":406},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-15-qian-modesty","15 · Qian 謙 ䷎","第十五卦 謙 ䷎",{"to":408,"label":409,"label_zh":410},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-16-yu","16 · Yu 豫 ䷏","第十六卦 豫 ䷏",{"to":412,"label":413,"label_zh":414},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-17-sui","17 · Sui 隨 ䷐","第十七卦 隨 ䷐",{"to":416,"label":417,"label_zh":418},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-18-gu","18 · Gu 蠱 ䷑","第十八卦 蠱 ䷑",{"to":420,"label":421,"label_zh":422},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-19-lin","19 · Lin 臨 ䷒","第十九卦 臨 ䷒",{"to":424,"label":425,"label_zh":426},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-20-guan","20 · Guan 觀 ䷓","第二十卦 觀 ䷓",{"to":428,"label":429,"label_zh":430},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-21-shi-he","21 · Shi He 噬嗑 ䷔","第二十一卦 噬嗑 ䷔",{"to":432,"label":433,"label_zh":434},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-22-bi","22 · Bi 賁 ䷕","第二十二卦 賁 ䷕",{"to":436,"label":437,"label_zh":438},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-23-bo","23 · Bo 剝 ䷖","第二十三卦 剝 ䷖",{"to":440,"label":441,"label_zh":442},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-24-fu","24 · Fu 復 ䷗","第二十四卦 復 ䷗",{"to":444,"label":445,"label_zh":446},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-25-wu-wang","25 · Wu Wang 無妄 ䷘","第二十五卦 無妄 ䷘",{"to":448,"label":449,"label_zh":450},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-26-da-xu","26 · Da Xu 大畜 ䷙","第二十六卦 大畜 ䷙",{"to":452,"label":453,"label_zh":454},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-27-yi","27 · Yi 頤 ䷚","第二十七卦 頤 ䷚",{"to":456,"label":457,"label_zh":458},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-28-da-guo","28 · Da Guo 大過 ䷛","第二十八卦 大過 ䷛",{"to":460,"label":461,"label_zh":462},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-29-kan","29 · Kan 坎 ䷜","第二十九卦 坎 ䷜",{"to":464,"label":465,"label_zh":466},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-30-li","30 · Li 離 ䷝","第三十卦 離 ䷝",{"to":468,"label":469,"label_zh":470},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-31-xian","31 · Xian 咸 ䷞","第三十一卦 咸 ䷞",{"to":472,"label":473,"label_zh":474},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-32-heng","32 · Heng 恆 ䷟","第三十二卦 恆 ䷟",{"to":476,"label":477,"label_zh":478},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-33-dun","33 · Dun 遁 ䷠","第三十三卦 遁 ䷠",{"to":480,"label":481,"label_zh":482},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-34-da-zhuang","34 · Da Zhuang 大壯 ䷡","第三十四卦 大壯 ䷡",{"to":484,"label":485,"label_zh":486},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-35-jin","35 · Jin 晉 ䷢","第三十五卦 晉 ䷢",{"to":488,"label":489,"label_zh":490},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-36-ming-yi","36 · Ming Yi 明夷 ䷣","第三十六卦 明夷 ䷣",{"to":492,"label":493,"label_zh":494},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-37-jia-ren","37 · Jia Ren 家人 ䷤","第三十七卦 家人 ䷤",{"to":496,"label":497,"label_zh":498},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-38-kui","38 · Kui 睽 ䷥","第三十八卦 睽 ䷥",{"to":500,"label":501,"label_zh":502},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-39-jian","39 · Jian 蹇 ䷦","第三十九卦 蹇 ䷦",{"to":504,"label":505,"label_zh":506},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-40-jie","40 · Jie 解 ䷧","第四十卦 解 ䷧",{"to":508,"label":509,"label_zh":510},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-41-sun","41 · Sun 損 ䷨","第四十一卦 損 ䷨",{"to":512,"label":513,"label_zh":514},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-42-yi","42 · Yi 益 ䷩","第四十二卦 益 ䷩",{"to":516,"label":517,"label_zh":518},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-43-guai","43 · Guai 夬 ䷪","第四十三卦 夬 ䷪",{"to":520,"label":521,"label_zh":522},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-44-gou","44 · Gou 姤 ䷫","第四十四卦 姤 ䷫",{"to":524,"label":525,"label_zh":526},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-45-cui","45 · Cui 萃 ䷬","第四十五卦 萃 ䷬",{"to":528,"label":529,"label_zh":530},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-46-sheng","46 · Sheng 升 ䷭","第四十六卦 升 ䷭",{"to":532,"label":533,"label_zh":534},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-47-kun","47 · Kun 困 ䷮","第四十七卦 困 ䷮",{"to":536,"label":537,"label_zh":538},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-48-jing","48 · Jing 井 ䷯","第四十八卦 井 ䷯",{"to":540,"label":541,"label_zh":542},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-49-ge","49 · Ge 革 ䷰","第四十九卦 革 ䷰",{"to":544,"label":545,"label_zh":546},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-50-ding","50 · Ding 鼎 ䷱","第五十卦 鼎 ䷱",{"to":548,"label":549,"label_zh":550},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-51-zhen","51 · Zhen 震 ䷲","第五十一卦 震 ䷲",{"to":552,"label":553,"label_zh":554},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-52-gen","52 · Gen 艮 ䷳","第五十二卦 艮 ䷳",{"to":556,"label":557,"label_zh":558},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-53-jian","53 · Jian 漸 ䷴","第五十三卦 漸 ䷴",{"to":560,"label":561,"label_zh":562},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-54-gui-mei","54 · Gui Mei 歸妹 ䷵","第五十四卦 歸妹 ䷵",{"to":564,"label":565,"label_zh":566},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-55-feng","55 · Feng 豐 ䷶","第五十五卦 豐 ䷶",{"to":568,"label":569,"label_zh":570},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-56-lu","56 · Lü 旅 ䷷","第五十六卦 旅 ䷷",{"to":572,"label":573,"label_zh":574},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-57-xun","57 · Xun 巽 ䷸","第五十七卦 巽 ䷸",{"to":576,"label":577,"label_zh":578},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-58-dui","58 · Dui 兌 ䷹","第五十八卦 兌 ䷹",{"to":580,"label":581,"label_zh":582},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-59-huan","59 · Huan 渙 ䷺","第五十九卦 渙 ䷺",{"to":584,"label":585,"label_zh":586},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-60-jie","60 · Jie 節 ䷻","第六十卦 節 ䷻",{"to":588,"label":589,"label_zh":590},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-61-zhong-fu","61 · Zhong Fu 中孚 ䷼","第六十一卦 中孚 ䷼",{"to":592,"label":593,"label_zh":594},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-62-xiao-guo","62 · Xiao Guo 小過 ䷽","第六十二卦 小過 ䷽",{"to":596,"label":597,"label_zh":598},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-63-ji-ji","63 · Ji Ji 既濟 ䷾","第六十三卦 既濟 ䷾",{"to":600,"label":601,"label_zh":602},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fthe-64-hexagrams\u002Fhexagram-64-wei-ji","64 · Wei Ji 未濟 ䷿","第六十四卦 未濟 ䷿",{"to":604,"label":605,"label_zh":606},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fyin-yang-philosophy","Yin, Yang & the Philosophy of Change","陰陽：變化與相互關係的哲學",{"to":608,"label":609,"label_zh":610},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fdivination-method-practice","Divination Method & Practice","怎麼起卦，歷代又怎麼看這件事",{"to":612,"label":613,"label_zh":614},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Ftaoism-connection","The I Ching in Taoist Practice","《易經》與道家修行",{"to":616,"label":617,"label_zh":618},"\u002Fdao\u002Fyi-jing\u002Fkey-translations-further-reading","Key Translations & Further Reading","讀《易》該用什麼本子，按什麼順序讀",{"to":23,"label":24,"label_zh":25,"children":620},[621,625,629,633,637,641,645,648,977],{"to":622,"label":623,"label_zh":624},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Forigins-authorship","Origins & Authorship of the Tao Te Ching","《老子》是誰寫的，什麼時候成書",{"to":626,"label":627,"label_zh":628},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Fstructure-of-the-text","Structure of the Text","八十一章是怎麼分的，這本書為什麼難讀",{"to":630,"label":631,"label_zh":632},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Fcore-themes","Core Themes: Tao, Wu Wei & Naturalness","道、無為、自然：三個被用濫的詞",{"to":634,"label":635,"label_zh":636},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Fsimplicity-humility-the-uncarved-block","Simplicity, Humility & the Uncarved Block","樸、素、水：為什麼推崇未加工的狀態",{"to":638,"label":639,"label_zh":640},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Fgovernance-the-sage-ruler","Governance & the Sage Ruler","治國：無為落到政治上是什麼樣，又怎麼被用歪",{"to":642,"label":643,"label_zh":644},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ftaoism-connection","The Tao Te Ching in Taoist Practice","一本哲學書怎麼變成了道教經典",{"to":646,"label":617,"label_zh":647},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Fkey-translations-further-reading","讀《老子》該用什麼本子，按什麼順序讀",{"to":649,"label":650,"label_zh":651,"children":652},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text","Complete Tao Te Ching","《道德經》全文",[653,657,661,665,669,673,677,681,685,689,693,697,701,705,709,713,717,721,725,729,733,737,741,745,749,753,757,761,765,769,773,777,781,785,789,793,797,801,805,809,813,817,821,825,829,833,837,841,845,849,853,857,861,865,869,873,877,881,885,889,893,897,901,905,909,913,917,921,925,929,933,937,941,945,949,953,957,961,965,969,973],{"to":654,"label":655,"label_zh":656},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-01","Chapter 1 — The Tao Beyond Names","第一章　道可道，非常道",{"to":658,"label":659,"label_zh":660},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-02","Chapter 2 — Opposites Arise Together","第二章　有無相生",{"to":662,"label":663,"label_zh":664},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-03","Chapter 3 — Quieting Rivalry","第三章　為無為，則無不治",{"to":666,"label":667,"label_zh":668},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-04","Chapter 4 — The Empty Source","第四章　道沖而用之",{"to":670,"label":671,"label_zh":672},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-05","Chapter 5 — The Bellows of Heaven and Earth","第五章　天地之間",{"to":674,"label":675,"label_zh":676},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-06","Chapter 6 — The Valley Spirit","第六章　谷神不死",{"to":678,"label":679,"label_zh":680},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-07","Chapter 7 — Lasting Beyond the Self","第七章　天長地久",{"to":682,"label":683,"label_zh":684},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-08","Chapter 8 — The Goodness of Water","第八章　上善若水",{"to":686,"label":687,"label_zh":688},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-09","Chapter 9 — Knowing When to Stop","第九章　功成身退",{"to":690,"label":691,"label_zh":692},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-10","Chapter 10 — Holding the One","第十章　抱一與玄德",{"to":694,"label":695,"label_zh":696},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-11","Chapter 11 — The Usefulness of Empty Space","第十一章　無之以為用",{"to":698,"label":699,"label_zh":700},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-12","Chapter 12 — Guarding the Senses","第十二章　為腹不為目",{"to":702,"label":703,"label_zh":704},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-13","Chapter 13 — Honour, Disgrace, and the Self","第十三章　寵辱若驚",{"to":706,"label":707,"label_zh":708},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-14","Chapter 14 — The Formless Form","第十四章　無狀之狀",{"to":710,"label":711,"label_zh":712},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-15","Chapter 15 — The Ancient Masters","第十五章　古之善為士者",{"to":714,"label":715,"label_zh":716},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-16","Chapter 16 — Returning to the Root","第十六章　歸根曰靜",{"to":718,"label":719,"label_zh":720},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-17","Chapter 17 — Leadership That Leaves No Burden","第十七章　百姓皆謂我自然",{"to":722,"label":723,"label_zh":724},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-18","Chapter 18 — When the Great Tao Is Lost","第十八章　大道廢，有仁義",{"to":726,"label":727,"label_zh":728},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-19","Chapter 19 — Returning to Simplicity","第十九章　見素抱樸",{"to":730,"label":731,"label_zh":732},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-20","Chapter 20 — Different from the Crowd","第二十章　我獨異於人",{"to":734,"label":735,"label_zh":736},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-21","Chapter 21 — Following the Tao","第二十一章　孔德之容",{"to":738,"label":739,"label_zh":740},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-22","Chapter 22 — Bending Without Breaking","第二十二章　曲則全",{"to":742,"label":743,"label_zh":744},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-23","Chapter 23 — Few Words, Natural Action","第二十三章　希言自然",{"to":746,"label":747,"label_zh":748},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-24","Chapter 24 — Standing Without Straining","第二十四章　企者不立",{"to":750,"label":751,"label_zh":752},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-25","Chapter 25 — The Way of Nature","第二十五章　道法自然",{"to":754,"label":755,"label_zh":756},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-26","Chapter 26 — Rooted in Stillness","第二十六章　重為輕根",{"to":758,"label":759,"label_zh":760},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-27","Chapter 27 — Leaving No One Behind","第二十七章　無棄人，無棄物",{"to":762,"label":763,"label_zh":764},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-28","Chapter 28 — Returning to the Uncarved Block","第二十八章　復歸於樸",{"to":766,"label":767,"label_zh":768},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-29","Chapter 29 — The World Is Not an Object","第二十九章　天下神器不可為",{"to":770,"label":771,"label_zh":772},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-30","Chapter 30 — Power Without Domination","第三十章　果而勿強",{"to":774,"label":775,"label_zh":776},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-31","Chapter 31 — Victory Without Celebration","第三十一章　勝而不美",{"to":778,"label":779,"label_zh":780},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-32","Chapter 32 — The Nameless Simplicity","第三十二章　知止不殆",{"to":782,"label":783,"label_zh":784},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-33","Chapter 33 — Knowing Yourself","第三十三章　自知者明",{"to":786,"label":787,"label_zh":788},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-34","Chapter 34 — Great Without Possessing","第三十四章　終不自為大",{"to":790,"label":791,"label_zh":792},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-35","Chapter 35 — The Great Image","第三十五章　執大象",{"to":794,"label":795,"label_zh":796},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-36","Chapter 36 — Subtle Understanding","第三十六章　柔弱勝剛強",{"to":798,"label":799,"label_zh":800},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-37","Chapter 37 — Acting Without Forcing","第三十七章　無為而無不為",{"to":802,"label":803,"label_zh":804},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-38","Chapter 38 — The Descent from Tao to Ritual","第三十八章　上德不德",{"to":806,"label":807,"label_zh":808},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-39","Chapter 39 — Rooted in the One","第三十九章　得一",{"to":810,"label":811,"label_zh":812},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-40","Chapter 40 — Returning and Yielding","第四十章　反者道之動",{"to":814,"label":815,"label_zh":816},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-41","Chapter 41 — The Tao That Appears Contrary","第四十一章　道隱無名",{"to":818,"label":819,"label_zh":820},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-42","Chapter 42 — Yin, Yang, and Harmony","第四十二章　負陰抱陽",{"to":822,"label":823,"label_zh":824},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-43","Chapter 43 — The Softest Overcomes the Hardest","第四十三章　至柔馳騁至堅",{"to":826,"label":827,"label_zh":828},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-44","Chapter 44 — Life Before Reputation","第四十四章　知足不辱",{"to":830,"label":831,"label_zh":832},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-45","Chapter 45 — Great Completion Seems Incomplete","第四十五章　清靜為天下正",{"to":834,"label":835,"label_zh":836},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-46","Chapter 46 — The Sufficiency of Contentment","第四十六章　知足之足",{"to":838,"label":839,"label_zh":840},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-47","Chapter 47 — Knowing Without Travelling Far","第四十七章　不出戶知天下",{"to":842,"label":843,"label_zh":844},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-48","Chapter 48 — Learning by Letting Go","第四十八章　為道日損",{"to":846,"label":847,"label_zh":848},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-49","Chapter 49 — A Heart Open to the People","第四十九章　以百姓心為心",{"to":850,"label":851,"label_zh":852},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-50","Chapter 50 — Living Without Clinging to Life","第五十章　善攝生者",{"to":854,"label":855,"label_zh":856},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-51","Chapter 51 — Profound Virtue Nourishes","第五十一章　道生德畜",{"to":858,"label":859,"label_zh":860},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-52","Chapter 52 — Returning to the Mother","第五十二章　見小曰明",{"to":862,"label":863,"label_zh":864},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-53","Chapter 53 — The Great Way and the Side Paths","第五十三章　大道甚夷",{"to":866,"label":867,"label_zh":868},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-54","Chapter 54 — Cultivation from Self to World","第五十四章　修之於身",{"to":870,"label":871,"label_zh":872},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-55","Chapter 55 — The Vitality of the Infant","第五十五章　含德之厚",{"to":874,"label":875,"label_zh":876},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-56","Chapter 56 — Mysterious Unity","第五十六章　玄同",{"to":878,"label":879,"label_zh":880},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-57","Chapter 57 — Governing with Fewer Interferences","第五十七章　我無為而民自化",{"to":882,"label":883,"label_zh":884},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-58","Chapter 58 — Fortune Rests on Misfortune","第五十八章　禍福相倚",{"to":886,"label":887,"label_zh":888},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-59","Chapter 59 — Deep Roots and Conservation","第五十九章　深根固柢",{"to":890,"label":891,"label_zh":892},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-60","Chapter 60 — Governing Like Cooking a Small Fish","第六十章　治大國若烹小鮮",{"to":894,"label":895,"label_zh":896},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-61","Chapter 61 — The Great State Takes the Lower Place","第六十一章　大者宜為下",{"to":898,"label":899,"label_zh":900},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-62","Chapter 62 — The Refuge of All Things","第六十二章　道者萬物之奧",{"to":902,"label":903,"label_zh":904},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-63","Chapter 63 — Begin with What Is Small","第六十三章　天下大事作於細",{"to":906,"label":907,"label_zh":908},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-64","Chapter 64 — Careful at the End as at the Beginning","第六十四章　慎終如始",{"to":910,"label":911,"label_zh":912},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-65","Chapter 65 — Beyond Manipulative Cleverness","第六十五章　玄德深遠",{"to":914,"label":915,"label_zh":916},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-66","Chapter 66 — Leading from Below","第六十六章　善下為王",{"to":918,"label":919,"label_zh":920},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-67","Chapter 67 — The Three Treasures","第六十七章　三寶",{"to":922,"label":923,"label_zh":924},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-68","Chapter 68 — The Virtue of Non-Contention","第六十八章　不爭之德",{"to":926,"label":927,"label_zh":928},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-69","Chapter 69 — Never Take the Enemy Lightly","第六十九章　哀者勝矣",{"to":930,"label":931,"label_zh":932},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-70","Chapter 70 — Plain Clothes, Jade Within","第七十章　被褐懷玉",{"to":934,"label":935,"label_zh":936},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-71","Chapter 71 — Knowing That You Do Not Know","第七十一章　知不知上",{"to":938,"label":939,"label_zh":940},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-72","Chapter 72 — Authority Without Oppression","第七十二章　自知不自見",{"to":942,"label":943,"label_zh":944},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-73","Chapter 73 — The Courage Not to Force","第七十三章　天網恢恢",{"to":946,"label":947,"label_zh":948},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-74","Chapter 74 — Do Not Take the Executioner’s Place","第七十四章　代大匠斲",{"to":950,"label":951,"label_zh":952},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-75","Chapter 75 — When Rulers Consume Too Much","第七十五章　民之飢",{"to":954,"label":955,"label_zh":956},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-76","Chapter 76 — The Living Are Soft","第七十六章　柔弱處上",{"to":958,"label":959,"label_zh":960},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-77","Chapter 77 — The Way of Heaven Is Like a Bow","第七十七章　損有餘補不足",{"to":962,"label":963,"label_zh":964},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-78","Chapter 78 — Nothing Is Softer Than Water","第七十八章　柔之勝剛",{"to":966,"label":967,"label_zh":968},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-79","Chapter 79 — After a Great Resentment","第七十九章　和大怨",{"to":970,"label":971,"label_zh":972},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-80","Chapter 80 — A Small and Contented Community","第八十章　小國寡民",{"to":974,"label":975,"label_zh":976},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Ffull-text\u002Fchapter-81","Chapter 81 — The Way That Benefits Without Harm","第八十一章　為而不爭",{"to":978,"label":979,"label_zh":980},"\u002Fdao\u002Fdao-de-jing\u002Fdao-de-jing-commentaries-heshang-gong-wang-bi-xianger","How Commentaries Change the Dao De Jing: Heshang Gong, Wang Bi and Xiang’er","注本如何改變《道德經》的讀法：河上公、王弼與《想爾注》",{"to":27,"label":28,"label_zh":29,"children":982},[983,987,991,995,999,1003,1007],{"to":984,"label":985,"label_zh":986},"\u002Fdao\u002Ftaiji\u002Forigins-meaning","Origins & Meaning of Taiji","“太極”這個詞從哪來，本來什麼意思",{"to":988,"label":989,"label_zh":990},"\u002Fdao\u002Ftaiji\u002Ftaijitu-diagram","The Taiji Diagram (Taijitu)","太極圖：陰陽互動與變化的象徵",{"to":992,"label":993,"label_zh":994},"\u002Fdao\u002Ftaiji\u002Ftaiji-wuji-cosmology","Taiji, Wuji & Cosmology","從無極到萬物：這套生成圖式是怎麼拼起來的",{"to":996,"label":997,"label_zh":998},"\u002Fdao\u002Ftaiji\u002Fyin-and-yang-within-taiji","Yin and Yang within Taiji","怎麼判斷一樣東西是陰還是陽",{"to":1000,"label":1001,"label_zh":1002},"\u002Fdao\u002Ftaiji\u002Ftaiji-in-neo-confucian-taoist-thought","Taiji in Neo-Confucian & Taoist Thought","同一個“太極”，理學與道教各取所需",{"to":1004,"label":1005,"label_zh":1006},"\u002Fdao\u002Ftaiji\u002Finternal-martial-practice","Taiji and Internal Martial Practice","太極拳為什麼叫太極：從哲理到動作",{"to":1008,"label":1009,"label_zh":1010},"\u002Fdao\u002Ftaiji\u002Fkey-sources-further-reading","Key Sources & Further Reading","想深入的話，讀什麼",{"to":31,"label":32,"label_zh":33,"children":1012},[1013,1017,1021,1025,1029,1033,1037],{"to":1014,"label":1015,"label_zh":1016},"\u002Fdao\u002Fzhuang-zi\u002Flife-historical-context","Life & Historical Context of Zhuangzi","莊子這個人：一個漆園小吏和他的時代",{"to":1018,"label":1019,"label_zh":1020},"\u002Fdao\u002Fzhuang-zi\u002Fstructure-authorship","Structure & Authorship of the Text","三十三篇，至少三批人寫的",{"to":1022,"label":1023,"label_zh":1024},"\u002Fdao\u002Fzhuang-zi\u002Fcore-themes","Core Themes: Wandering, Wu Wei & Spontaneity","逍遙、無待、技進乎道",{"to":1026,"label":1027,"label_zh":1028},"\u002Fdao\u002Fzhuang-zi\u002Fequality-of-things","The Equality of Things & the Relativity of 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黃帝","第二篇：黃帝",{"to":1056,"label":1057,"label_zh":1058},"\u002Fdao\u002Fclassics\u002Fliezi\u002Fchapter-03-zhou-mu-wang","Chapter Three: Zhou Mu Wang 周穆王","第三篇：周穆王",{"to":1060,"label":1061,"label_zh":1062},"\u002Fdao\u002Fclassics\u002Fliezi\u002Fchapter-04-zhong-ni","Chapter Four: Zhong Ni 仲尼","第四篇：仲尼",{"to":1064,"label":1065,"label_zh":1066},"\u002Fdao\u002Fclassics\u002Fliezi\u002Fchapter-05-tang-wen","Chapter Five: Tang Wen 湯問","第五篇：湯問",{"to":1068,"label":1069,"label_zh":1070},"\u002Fdao\u002Fclassics\u002Fliezi\u002Fchapter-06-li-ming","Chapter Six: Li Ming 力命","第六篇：力命",{"to":1072,"label":1073,"label_zh":1074},"\u002Fdao\u002Fclassics\u002Fliezi\u002Fchapter-07-yang-zhu","Chapter Seven: Yang Zhu 楊朱","第七篇：楊朱",{"to":1076,"label":1077,"label_zh":1078},"\u002Fdao\u002Fclassics\u002Fliezi\u002Fchapter-08-shuo-fu","Chapter Eight: Shuo Fu 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It brings together observations of landform, orientation, water, buildings and correlative cosmology. It should not be reduced to decorative rules, nor presented as a scientifically proven way to guarantee health, wealth or relationships.\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>\u003Cem>Classes introduce core vocabulary, the distinction between major approaches and the cultural contexts in which feng shui has been practised. Contemporary applications are discussed critically. Students remain responsible for property, financial and personal decisions and should seek qualified professional advice where those decisions carry material consequences.\u003C\u002Fem>\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>風水形成於不同的流派、典籍與專業傳統，綜合觀察地形、方位、水勢、建築以及陰陽五行等關聯性宇宙觀。它不應被簡化為裝飾規則，也不能被宣傳為保證健康、財富或關係結果的科學方法。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>課程介紹基本術語、主要方法的差別，以及風水在歷史社會中的實踐語境，並以批判態度討論當代應用。涉及房產、財務或其他重大決定時，學員仍應根據事實判斷，並諮詢具備資質的相關專業人士。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Ffeng-shui-learning",[1107,1108,1109,1110],"wudang\u002Fevents\u002FYpvXV9T4BG3YVD0NQ150.webp","wudang\u002Fevents\u002FfhZyCVAEQXsL76XmGdVp.webp","wudang\u002Fevents\u002FAt5a8W2EGZ9IhDUbI4f3.avif","wudang\u002Fevents\u002FBKPjfYeMNJ617LWJ7tgv.avif",[1112,1113,1114,1115],"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fevents\u002FYpvXV9T4BG3YVD0NQ150.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fevents\u002FfhZyCVAEQXsL76XmGdVp.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fevents\u002FAt5a8W2EGZ9IhDUbI4f3.avif","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fevents\u002FBKPjfYeMNJ617LWJ7tgv.avif",{"en":1117,"zh":1118},"Feng Shui Classes and Courses","風水課程：方位、形勢與空間觀念入門",{"en":1101,"zh":1120},"從歷史、環境與文化語境學習風水，理解方位、形勢與空間觀念，同時明確傳統解釋與科學證據的界限。",0,true,"active","2026-07-13T05:17:57.000000Z","2026-09-25T03:51:12.000000Z",{"id":60,"uuid":1127,"slug":1128,"available_locales":1129,"name":1130,"description":1133,"body":1136,"path":1139,"images":1140,"image_urls":1141,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1142,"seo_description":1145,"sort_order":1121,"is_active":1122,"status":1123,"created_at":1148,"updated_at":1125},"c85bf6cc-b84e-4c36-bbd7-9e92b53bbe50","internal-arts-wellness",[1094,1095,1096],{"en":1131,"zh":1132},"Internal Arts & Wellness","內家功法與養生",{"en":1134,"zh":1135},"Classes, workshops and retreats in Baduanjin, Taijiquan, qigong and traditional practices for movement, breathing and mindful cultivation.","彙集八段錦、太極拳、氣功及傳統身心修習的課程、工作坊與靜修活動。",{"en":1137,"zh":1138},"\u003Cp>Explore small-group classes, workshops and retreats introducing Wudang internal arts and traditional wellness practices. Programmes may include Baduanjin, Taijiquan, qigong, standing practice, breathing and their cultural foundations.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Each listing provides its teacher, schedule, experience level and registration arrangements.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>本類別彙集武當內家功法與傳統養生修習的小班課程、工作坊及靜修活動，內容可涵蓋八段錦、太極拳、氣功、站樁、呼吸練習及相關文化基礎。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>每項活動都會註明導師、日期、適合程度與報名方式，方便參加者選擇合適的學習體驗。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Finternal-arts-wellness",[],[],{"en":1143,"zh":1144},"Internal Arts & Wellness Events","內家功法與養生活動",{"en":1146,"zh":1147},"Explore Baduanjin, Taijiquan, qigong and traditional wellness classes, workshops and retreats listed by Wudang.Org.","探索八段錦、太極拳、氣功與傳統養生課程、工作坊及靜修活動。","2026-08-16T19:23:45.000000Z",{"id":1150,"uuid":1151,"slug":1152,"available_locales":1153,"name":1154,"description":1157,"body":1158,"path":1159,"images":1160,"image_urls":1161,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1162,"seo_description":1164,"sort_order":1121,"is_active":1122,"status":1123,"created_at":1167,"updated_at":1125},10,"884ed965-8c72-49e2-acee-0fc2f7aec70a","face-reading-learning",[1094,1095,1096],{"en":1155,"zh":1156},"Face Reading Learning","面相課程",[],[],"\u002Fevents\u002Fface-reading-learning",[],[],{"en":1163},"Chinese Face Reading Classes and Workshops",{"en":1165,"zh":1166},"Learn Chinese face reading (面相) as a cultural tradition: its classical framework, history and uses, taught with clear limits on predictive claims.","把面相作為中國傳統文化來學習：認識其經典框架、歷史與用法，並清楚說明傳統詮釋的邊界。","2026-08-30T17:01:43.000000Z",{"id":1169,"uuid":1170,"slug":1171,"available_locales":1172,"name":1173,"description":1176,"body":1178,"path":1181,"images":1182,"image_urls":1183,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1184,"seo_description":1187,"sort_order":38,"is_active":1122,"status":1123,"created_at":1124,"updated_at":1125},2,"8792a80b-d0c8-4ef9-9634-5cb91827932b","zi-wei-dou-shu-learning",[1094,1095,1096],{"en":1174,"zh":1175},"Zi Wei Dou Shu Learning","紫微斗數課程",{"en":1177,"zh":3},"Explore Purple Star Astrology as a traditional Chinese interpretive system, approached as cultural knowledge rather than scientific prediction.",{"en":1179,"zh":1180},"\u003Cp>Zi Wei Dou Shu 紫微鬥數 organises birth information through palaces, stars and patterned relationships. The system has a substantial technical vocabulary and several interpretive traditions, but its predictive claims are not established by modern scientific evidence.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Courses explain how charts are structured, how symbols are read and how historical and contemporary practitioners differ. The aim is cultural literacy and disciplined reflection—not certainty about the future. Readings do not replace medical, legal, financial, employment or psychological expertise.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>紫微斗數依據出生資訊，以宮位、星曜和彼此關係組織命盤。它具有複雜的術語與多種解釋傳統，但其預測主張並未得到現代科學證據的確立。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>課程說明命盤結構、符號閱讀方法，以及歷史與當代實踐者之間的差異。學習目的在於文化理解與有紀律的自我反思，而不是獲得關於未來的確定答案。相關解讀不能代替醫療、法律、財務、就業或心理專業意見。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Fzi-wei-dou-shu-learning",[],[],{"en":1185,"zh":1186},"Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology) Classes","紫微斗數課程：命盤、宮位與星曜入門",{"en":1177,"zh":1188},"把紫微斗數作為中國傳統詮釋體系來學習，認識命盤、宮位與星曜，不把它包裝成科學預測。",{"id":247,"uuid":1190,"slug":1191,"available_locales":1192,"name":1193,"description":1196,"body":1197,"path":1198,"images":1199,"image_urls":1200,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1201,"seo_description":1204,"sort_order":38,"is_active":1122,"status":1123,"created_at":1207,"updated_at":1125},"09958025-4f1d-40e6-ae1c-8b1517ac824e","tea-arts",[1094,1095,1096],{"en":1194,"zh":1195},"Tea Arts","茶藝",[],[],"\u002Fevents\u002Ftea-arts",[],[],{"en":1202,"zh":1203},"Chinese Tea Art Classes and Workshops","茶藝課程與工作坊",{"en":1205,"zh":1206},"Chinese tea art (茶藝) classes and workshops: tea types, brewing methods, tea-table etiquette and the quiet attention of sharing tea.","茶藝課程與工作坊：認識茶類、泡茶方法與茶席禮儀，在一席茶中體會從容與專注。","2026-08-16T17:13:57.000000Z",{"id":242,"uuid":1209,"slug":1210,"available_locales":1211,"name":1212,"description":1215,"body":1217,"path":1220,"images":1221,"image_urls":1222,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1223,"seo_description":1226,"sort_order":1169,"is_active":1122,"status":1123,"created_at":1124,"updated_at":1125},"e52a261e-348a-4b8a-bd51-43f4e6b1d861","ba-zi-learning",[1094,1095,1096],{"en":1213,"zh":1214},"Ba Zi Learning","八字課程",{"en":1216,"zh":3},"Study the Four Pillars as a traditional system of stems, branches and five-phase correspondence, with history and limitations made explicit.",{"en":1218,"zh":1219},"\u003Cp>Ba Zi 八字 interprets year, month, day and hour through the heavenly stems, earthly branches, yin-yang and five-phase relationships. It is an influential part of Chinese metaphysical culture, not an observational science in the modern empirical sense.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Classes introduce chart structure, terminology and common interpretive methods while distinguishing tradition from evidence. Students are encouraged to treat readings as prompts for reflection and never as guarantees, diagnoses or substitutes for professional advice.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>八字以年、月、日、時四柱為框架，通過天干、地支、陰陽與五行關係進行解釋。它是中國術數文化中影響深遠的傳統體系，並非現代經驗科學。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>課程介紹命盤結構、基本術語和常見詮釋方法，同時說明傳統觀點與科學證據的差別。學員可把解讀作為反思的線索，但不應把它當作保證、診斷，或任何專業意見的替代品。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Fba-zi-learning",[],[],{"en":1224,"zh":1225},"BaZi (Four Pillars) Classes and Courses","八字課程：四柱、天干地支與五行入門",{"en":1216,"zh":1227},"學習四柱中的天干、地支與五行關係，理解其歷史與方法，也清楚區分傳統詮釋和現代實證知識。",{"id":69,"uuid":1229,"slug":1230,"available_locales":1231,"name":1232,"description":1235,"body":1236,"path":1237,"images":1238,"image_urls":1239,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1240,"seo_description":1243,"sort_order":1169,"is_active":1122,"status":1123,"created_at":1207,"updated_at":1125},"76718b8e-3137-42fc-a257-c9e318b3e364","incense-culture",[1094,1095,1096],{"en":1233,"zh":1234},"Incense Culture","香文化",[],[],"\u002Fevents\u002Fincense-culture",[],[],{"en":1241,"zh":1242},"Chinese Incense Culture Workshops","香文化活動與工作坊",{"en":1244,"zh":1245},"Workshops on Chinese incense culture (香文化): aromatic materials, traditional ways of preparing and appreciating incense, and incense as calm attention.","香文化活動與工作坊：認識香材、傳統制香與品香方式，在一爐香中練習安靜與專注。",{"id":1247,"uuid":1248,"slug":1249,"available_locales":1250,"name":1251,"description":1254,"body":1257,"path":1260,"images":1261,"image_urls":1262,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1263,"seo_description":1265,"sort_order":1169,"is_active":1122,"status":1123,"created_at":1266,"updated_at":1125},11,"c39cc557-40eb-4266-9736-7fb84891d407","i-ching-learning",[1094,1095,1096],{"en":1252,"zh":1253},"I Ching Learning","易經課程",{"en":1255,"zh":1256},"Explore the I Ching through its hexagrams, traditional interpretive methods and historical context, with scope and limitations made explicit.","通過卦象、傳統解讀方法與歷史語境認識《易經》，並清楚說明其適用範圍與侷限。",{"en":1258,"zh":1259},"\u003Cp>The I Ching 易經 is a classical Chinese text centred on sixty-four hexagrams and a long history of commentary and divination. It has shaped Chinese philosophy, cosmology and metaphysical practice, but its divinatory claims are not established as modern empirical science.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Classes introduce structures, terminology and traditional methods such as Liu Yao while distinguishing cultural study from evidence. Readings should be treated as prompts for reflection, not guarantees, diagnoses or substitutes for professional advice.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>《易經》是一部以六十四卦為核心的中國經典，形成了悠久的註疏與占筮傳統，並深刻影響中國哲學、宇宙觀與術數文化；其占筮主張並非現代經驗科學所證實。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>課程介紹基本結構、術語和六爻等傳統方法，同時區分文化學習與科學證據。解讀宜作為反思線索，不應視為保證、診斷或任何專業意見的替代品。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Fi-ching-learning",[],[],{"en":1264,"zh":1253},"I Ching Classes and Courses",{"en":1255,"zh":1256},"2026-09-08T00:15:35.000000Z",{"id":21,"uuid":1268,"slug":1269,"available_locales":1270,"name":1271,"description":1274,"body":1277,"path":1280,"images":1281,"image_urls":1282,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1283,"seo_description":1286,"sort_order":242,"is_active":1122,"status":1123,"created_at":1289,"updated_at":1125},"ee2330c6-5a3e-4ac2-a2d1-1a0dc110c58c","traditional-arts-crafts",[1094,1095,1096],{"en":1272,"zh":1273},"Traditional Arts & Crafts","傳統藝術與手作",{"en":1275,"zh":1276},"Hands-on workshops exploring Chinese handicrafts and decorative arts through guided making and cultural appreciation.","通過親手製作與文化欣賞，體驗中國傳統手作及裝飾藝術。",{"en":1278,"zh":1279},"\u003Cp>Discover practical workshops in Chinese decorative arts and handcraft traditions. Activities may include gold-leaf painting, cloisonné enamel, mother-of-pearl work, Song brocade and other guided projects.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>These welcoming sessions introduce materials, techniques and cultural context while allowing participants to complete a piece of their own.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>本類別彙集中國傳統裝飾藝術與手作體驗，內容可涵蓋金箔畫、掐絲琺琅、螺鈿工藝、宋錦及其他創作專案。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>課程以輕鬆易懂的方式介紹材料、技法與文化背景，讓參加者在導師帶領下完成屬於自己的作品。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Ftraditional-arts-crafts",[],[],{"en":1284,"zh":1285},"Traditional Arts & Crafts Events","傳統藝術與手作活動",{"en":1287,"zh":1288},"Explore Chinese handicraft and decorative arts workshops, including gold-leaf, cloisonné, mother-of-pearl and brocade.","探索金箔畫、掐絲琺琅、螺鈿、宋錦等中國傳統手作及裝飾藝術體驗。","2026-08-16T19:24:04.000000Z",{"id":212,"uuid":1291,"slug":1292,"available_locales":1293,"name":1294,"description":1297,"body":1300,"path":1303,"images":1304,"image_urls":1305,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1306,"seo_description":1308,"sort_order":247,"is_active":1122,"status":1123,"created_at":1311,"updated_at":1125},"824f78c1-1181-4983-bae5-77e7cdbbbc1d","wudang-community",[1094,1095,1096],{"en":1295,"zh":1296},"Wudang Community","武當社群活動",{"en":1298,"zh":1299},"Talks, broadcasts and community gatherings connecting people with Wudang culture, learning and living practice.","通過講座、直播與社群聚會，連線武當文化、學習與日常實踐。",{"en":1301,"zh":1302},"\u003Cp>Wudang Community brings together public talks, livestreams, gatherings and shared cultural activities connected with Wudang.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>These programmes create welcoming ways to meet practitioners, explore ideas and participate in a growing community of learning and practice.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Cp>武當社群活動彙集與武當文化相關的公開講座、直播、聚會及共享文化體驗。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>這些活動以友善開放的方式連線練習者與學習者，讓大家交流心得、認識傳統，並共同參與持續發展的文化社群。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u002Fevents\u002Fwudang-community",[],[],{"en":1307,"zh":1296},"Wudang Community Events",{"en":1309,"zh":1310},"Discover Wudang community talks, broadcasts and gatherings connecting people with culture, learning and living practice.","探索連線武當文化、學習與日常實踐的講座、直播及社群聚會。","2026-08-16T19:24:18.000000Z",{"id":16,"uuid":1313,"slug":1314,"available_locales":1315,"name":1316,"description":1319,"body":1320,"path":1321,"images":1322,"image_urls":1323,"hero_image":3,"hero_image_url":3,"seo_title":1324,"seo_description":1327,"sort_order":69,"is_active":1122,"status":1123,"created_at":1330,"updated_at":1125},"25641c0b-8e5a-46d7-9b18-95c344015f97","wudang-journeys-retreats",[1094,1095,1096],{"en":1317,"zh":1318},"Wudang Journeys & Retreats","武當旅修與行程",[],[],"\u002Fevents\u002Fwudang-journeys-retreats",[],[],{"en":1325,"zh":1326},"Wudang Mountain Retreats and Guided Journeys","武當山旅修與靜修行程",{"en":1328,"zh":1329},"Guided journeys and retreats to Wudang Mountain that combine practice, temple visits and cultural learning, with itineraries and expectations set out clearly.","前往武當山的旅修與靜修：結合修習、宮觀參訪與文化學習，提前說明行程安排與參加須知。","2026-08-18T11:09:38.000000Z",{"data":1332},{"hero_type":1333,"hero_image":1334,"hero_image_alt":1335,"hero_youtube_id":1336,"hero_content_on":1122,"hero_heading":1337,"hero_subheading":1338,"hero_text":1339,"hero_subheading_zh":1340,"hero_text_zh":1341,"hero_buttons":1342,"home_seo":1348,"page_layout":1354,"shop_enabled":1355,"contact":1356,"journey":1372},"image","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fsite\u002Fwudanghomepagehero.webp","Wudang mountain temple in mist","VgirFbjpiy4","武當文化，道在日常\nWudang Culture, Practised with Purpose","A place for learning. A home for living culture.","Explore Taoist thought, internal arts, literati traditions and Wudang Mountain through grounded learning in Singapore and beyond.","這裡既是學習之地，也是讓文化融入日常的所在。","從道家思想、內家武術、文人雅藝與武當山出發，以清晰、踏實的方式，在新加坡及世界各地認識和體驗武當文化。",[1343,1345],{"label":1344,"link":278},"Start Your Wudang Journey",{"label":1346,"link":1347},"View Events & Courses","\u002Fevents",{"title":1349,"description":1351},{"en":1350,"zh":3},"Wudang Mountain: Tai Chi, Qigong & Taoist Culture",{"en":1352,"zh":1353},"Explore Wudang Mountain through Tai Chi, Qigong, Daoist philosophy, martial arts, traditional arts, wellness, culture and everyday life in Wudang.","從太極、氣功、道家思想、武術、傳統雅藝與養生文化認識武當山，探索武當文化及武當山的日常生活。","sidebar",false,{"methods":1357,"has_any":1122,"text":1365},{"email":1358,"whatsapp":1359,"wechat_id":1360,"wechat_qr_url":1361,"instagram":1362,"instagram_handle":1363,"facebook":1364,"facebook_handle":1363},"hello@wudang.org","+6588169599","Cldjcll0305","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fcontact\u002Fkcs9Z5IEY7CugW2mEYA8.webp","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.instagram.com\u002Fleewudang.sg","@leewudang.sg","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.facebook.com\u002Fleewudang.sg\u002F",{"china_heading_en":1366,"china_heading_zh":1367,"china_company_en":1368,"china_company_zh":1369,"china_address_en":1370,"china_address_zh":1371},"China Operations","中國運營","Xunwei Wudang Co., Ltd.","尋味武當有限公司","No. 72 Jianhe 2nd Road, Wangjiayuan, Wudang Mountain, Shiyan, Hubei, China","湖北省十堰市武當山王家園劍河二路72號",{"title_en":3,"title_zh":3,"intro_en":3,"intro_zh":3,"enabled":1122},{"data":1374},{"to":27,"type":1375,"available_locales":1376,"is_content_page":1122,"title":1377,"subtitle":1378,"body":1381,"hero_image_url":1384,"hero_width":1385,"hero_height":1386,"hero_image_alt":1387,"hero_image_decorative":1355,"hero_credit":3,"hero_alt":1390,"hero_style":1391,"card_layout":1392,"link_type":3,"link_ref":3,"seo_title":1393,"seo_description":1396,"children":1399},"subcategory",[1094,1095,1096],{"en":28,"zh":29},{"en":1379,"zh":1380},"One sentence in an ancient commentary, and everything built on top of it","一句話的出處，和兩千年在上面蓋起來的東西",{"en":1382,"zh":1383},"\u003Cp>The word \u003Cem>taiji\u003C\u002Fem> occurs once in the classical source that made it famous. One sentence, in one of the commentaries appended to the Book of Changes, states that the Changes has a taiji, and that from it the two modes are produced. That is the whole of the textual foundation. Everything else — the cosmological schemes, the diagrams, the metaphysical debates that occupied Chinese philosophy for centuries, the name of a martial art now practised worldwide — was built on top of it.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>This section explains what the word means, what was built on it, when each part was built, and which of the things now attached to it are old and which are recent. That last question matters more than it sounds, because the single most recognisable symbol associated with the term is far younger than almost anyone assumes.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>What the two characters mean\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>Neither character is mysterious on its own.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>The first means great, utmost, or extreme in the sense of the highest degree. The second originally meant the ridgepole of a building — the horizontal beam at the very top from which the roof is hung — and from that came to mean an extremity, a limit, a pole in the sense of the pole of the earth or of a magnet.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>So the compound means something like the utmost limit, or the supreme pole. The conventional English rendering, Supreme Ultimate, is an accurate calque and a slightly unfortunate one, because it sounds like a title for a being and the Chinese does not. A less impressive but more useful gloss is: the furthest point back you can go, the limiting condition.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>The architectural origin of the second character is worth keeping in mind. A ridgepole is not a source or a creator; it is the highest structural member, the thing from which everything else hangs. That is closer to how the term is used than any notion of a first cause.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>How one sentence carried so much\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>A reader may reasonably ask how a single clause became the foundation of a major strand of Chinese metaphysics. The answer is characteristic of the tradition and worth understanding, because the same pattern recurs elsewhere.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>Chinese philosophy after the classical period was largely conducted as commentary. A thinker with a new position did not announce it as new; he presented it as the correct reading of a canonical text. A short, ambiguous, prestigious sentence is therefore extremely valuable: it is authoritative enough to be worth arguing over and vague enough to accommodate the argument.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>The sentence in question is ideal for the purpose. It says that something exists prior to the division into two, and it says nothing whatever about what that something is, whether it is a thing or a state, whether it is prior in time or only in logic, or whether anything lies behind it in turn. Every one of those gaps became a controversy.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>What this section covers\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>The pages that follow take the topic in order, and each can be read alone.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Origins and meaning of the term\u003C\u002Fstrong> — the source sentence, the earlier uses of both characters, and how the compound acquired its later weight.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>The diagram\u003C\u002Fstrong> — the familiar interlocking symbol, what its features are meant to convey, and the surprising lateness of its appearance.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Taiji, wuji and cosmology\u003C\u002Fstrong> — the generative scheme running from an undifferentiated condition to the multiplicity of things, and how that scheme was assembled from separate sources.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Yin and yang within taiji\u003C\u002Fstrong> — how the one is said to divide into two while remaining one, and the practical question of how anything is judged to be yin or yang.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Taiji in Neo-Confucian and Taoist thought\u003C\u002Fstrong> — why two traditions with different aims both needed this term, and what each did with it.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Taiji and internal martial practice\u003C\u002Fstrong> — how a cosmological term became the name of a martial art, and when.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Sources and further reading\u003C\u002Fstrong> — the primary texts and the studies worth consulting.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\n\u003Ch2>Three different things get called taiji\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>A great deal of confusion in English comes from the fact that the same word is used for three quite different things, and context is often the only guide.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>The first is the metaphysical term: the limiting condition prior to differentiation, as discussed in the commentaries and in later philosophy. This is the original use and the subject of most of this section.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>The second is the diagram: the round symbol divided into interlocking dark and light halves, each containing a spot of the other. In Chinese this is normally called the taiji diagram, and in English it is usually just called the yin-yang symbol.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>The third is the martial art, whose full name means the boxing of the taiji, generally written taijiquan and often shortened in English to tai chi. When an English speaker says they do tai chi they mean the third, which has no direct connection to the first beyond the borrowed name.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>Keeping these apart solves most of the problems people have with the topic. A sentence that is true of one is frequently false of the others.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>The diagram is much younger than the idea\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>This point is worth putting early because it is so widely misreported.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>The symbol of two interlocking teardrop shapes, one dark with a light dot and one light with a dark dot, is treated in popular writing as immemorially ancient — often illustrated alongside discussions of the Tao Te Ching, which is roughly two thousand years older. In fact this particular design cannot be traced back further than the Song period at the earliest, and it became widespread only from around the Ming. It is a late diagrammatic invention.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>Compounding the confusion, the diagram produced by the eleventh-century philosopher whose short essay made the term central to Chinese metaphysics is not this symbol at all. His chart is a vertical arrangement of circles and segments, describing a sequence of generation. The interlocking circle is a different object with a different history.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>None of this makes the symbol less interesting, and it certainly does not make it inauthentic. It does mean that using it to illustrate anything before the Song is an anachronism.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>Where wuji comes in\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>The companion term, meaning the limitless or that which has no pole, has an independent history and was joined to taiji later.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>It appears in the Tao Te Ching in a sense close to boundlessness. It appears in later Taoist writing for an undifferentiated condition. The eleventh-century essay that shaped the whole subsequent debate opens by relating the two terms in a formulation so compressed that it can be read in several incompatible ways: as saying that the limitless becomes the supreme pole, or that the supreme pole is itself limitless, or that the two are the same thing described differently.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>That ambiguity produced one of the most famous disputes in Chinese philosophy, conducted by letter between two major thinkers, over whether the addition of a limitless prior term implied something outside or above the supreme pole. The dispute looks arid from outside and was not: what was at stake was whether the natural order is self-sufficient or depends on something beyond it.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>Why two traditions both wanted the term\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>Taiji is one of the small number of technical terms that belongs equally to Taoist and to Confucian discourse, and the reason is instructive.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>Confucian philosophers of the Song and after needed an account of the world that could compete with Buddhist metaphysics without borrowing from it. A term drawn from their own canonical classic, describing an ultimate that is not a god and not a mind, was exactly what was required, and they built an elaborate philosophy of pattern and material force around it.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>Taoist writers needed technical vocabulary for describing stages of a process — cosmological in cosmology, physiological in internal alchemy — and a term naming the condition just prior to division was extremely useful. In alchemical texts it names a stage rather than an entity.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>The result is that the same word carries different loads in different literatures. A reader who takes the Neo-Confucian sense into an alchemical text, or the reverse, will find both incoherent.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>The martial art and the name\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>The art now called taijiquan was not always called that. The forms of boxing from which it developed went under other names, and the term taiji was applied to it comparatively recently, in the nineteenth century, at the point when a body of theoretical writing was attached to the practice.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>The naming is not arbitrary. The theoretical texts use the vocabulary of yin and yang, of substantial and insubstantial, of continuous transformation, and of yielding as a method, and there is a genuine attempt to connect the movements to the cosmology. But the direction of the connection matters: a philosophical vocabulary was applied to an existing martial practice, not a martial practice deduced from a philosophy. Accounts that present the art as a physical enactment of an ancient metaphysics have the history backwards.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>The art is treated at length in the martial arts section of this site. The page here deals only with the relation between the name and the concept.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>What to be careful about\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>Four cautions cover most of the trouble.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>Do not treat taiji as a being. It is not a god, not a mind, and not an agent, and sentences in which it wants or decides anything have left the tradition behind.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>Do not assume the diagram is ancient, and do not use it to illustrate early texts.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>Do not carry the martial sense into philosophical passages or the philosophical sense into martial ones.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>And do not expect the tradition to agree with itself. The central questions — whether taiji is prior in time or only in logic, whether anything precedes it, whether it is one thing or the pattern of things — were disputed for centuries and never settled. A source that presents a single tidy answer is presenting one position as though it were the consensus.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>Key points\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>The term appears once in the classical source that made it important; everything else was built on that one clause.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>The characters mean utmost and ridgepole or pole, so the sense is a limiting condition rather than a creator.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Three different things are called taiji: a metaphysical term, a diagram, and a martial art.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>The familiar interlocking symbol is a late diagram, not traceable before the Song and widespread only from the Ming.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>The pairing with wuji, the limitless, produced a major philosophical dispute about whether anything lies beyond the natural order.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>The martial art acquired the name in the nineteenth century; the philosophy was applied to the practice rather than the practice derived from the philosophy.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>","\u003Cp>“太極”這個詞，在使它出名的那個經典來源裡只出現過一次。一句話，見於《易》的一篇附傳：說《易》有太極，由它生出兩儀。這就是全部的文本根基。其餘的一切——各種生成圖式，各種圖，佔據中國哲學數百年的形上論辯，以及一門今天在世界各地被練習的拳術的名字——都是建在這一句上面的。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>這一部分要講清：這個詞是什麼意思，上面建起了什麼，各部分分別建於何時，以及今天掛在它身上的東西里哪些是老的、哪些是晚近的。最後這個問題比聽起來重要，因為與這個詞相連的那個最容易辨認的符號，比幾乎所有人以為的都年輕得多。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>兩個字是什麼意思\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>兩個字單看都不神秘。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>頭一個字意為大、至、極，指最高的程度。第二個字本義是屋脊之棟——房頂最高處那根橫梁，屋面從它上面掛下來——由此引申為端、限，以及“極”這個意義上的極點，如地極、磁極。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>所以這個合成詞的意思大致是“至極之限”或“最高之極”。通行的外文對譯 Supreme Ultimate 是一個準確的仿譯，也是一個略微不幸的仿譯，因為它聽起來像某個存在者的尊號，而中文並不是。一個不那麼氣派、卻更有用的解說是：能往回推到的最遠那一點，那個作為界限的狀況。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>第二個字來自建築的這層本義值得記住。屋脊之棟不是來源，也不是造作者；它是結構上最高的那根構件，是別的東西掛在其上的那個東西。這比任何“第一因”的想法都更接近這個詞的實際用法。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>一句話怎麼承擔了這麼多\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>讀者有理由問：一個小句怎麼會成為中國形上學一大脈的根基。答案很能代表這個傳統，值得弄清，因為同樣的格局在別處也一再出現。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>古典時期之後的中國哲學，主要是以註解的方式進行的。一位持新立場的思想者不會宣稱它是新的；他把它呈現為某部經典文本的正確讀法。因此，一個簡短、含混而又有聲望的句子極其寶貴：它足夠權威，值得為它爭；又足夠模糊，容得下那場爭論。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>這裡這一句正合此用。它說在分為二之前有某個東西，而它對那個東西是什麼則一字未言：它是一個物還是一個狀態，它是在時間上在先還是僅在邏輯上在先，以及它背後是否又有別的東西。以上每一處空缺，後來都變成了一場爭論。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>這一部分包括什麼\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>下面幾頁依次展開，每一頁也可以單獨讀。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>這個詞從哪來\u003C\u002Fstrong>——那句來源，兩個字更早的用法，以及這個合成詞是怎麼獲得後來的分量的。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>那個圖\u003C\u002Fstrong>——熟悉的相銜符號，它的各處特徵意在表達什麼，以及它出現之晚令人意外。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>太極、無極與宇宙生成\u003C\u002Fstrong>——從未分之狀況到萬物的那套生成圖式，以及這套圖式是怎麼從不同來源拼起來的。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>太極中的陰陽\u003C\u002Fstrong>——一如何被說成分為二而仍是一，以及一個實際問題：憑什麼判斷某樣東西是陰還是陽。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>理學與道教中的太極\u003C\u002Fstrong>——為什麼目的不同的兩個傳統都需要這個詞，以及各自拿它做了什麼。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>太極與內家拳\u003C\u002Fstrong>——一個宇宙論術語怎麼成了一門拳術的名字，以及在什麼時候。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>文獻與延伸閱讀\u003C\u002Fstrong>——值得檢視的原始文獻與研究。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\n\u003Ch2>三樣東西都叫“太極”\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>外文裡的許多混亂，來自同一個詞被用於三樣很不相同的東西，而通常只能靠上下文分辨。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>第一是那個形上術語：分化之前的那個界限狀況，見於傳注與後世哲學。這是原本的用法，也是這一部分的主要題目。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>第二是那個圖：一個圓，分為相銜的暗與明兩半，每一半里含著對方的一點。中文裡通常稱之為太極圖，外文裡通常乾脆叫作陰陽符號。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>第三是那門拳術，全名意為“太極之拳”，一般寫作太極拳，外文裡常縮成 tai chi。一個外國人說自己在練 tai chi，指的是第三樣；除了借來的名字之外，它與第一樣沒有直接關係。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>把這三樣分開，這個題目上的大部分問題就解決了。對其中一樣為真的句子，對另外兩樣往往是假的。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>那個圖比那個想法年輕得多\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>這一點值得早點擺出來，因為它被誤傳得太廣。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>那兩個相銜的水滴形——一暗中有明點，一明中有暗點——在通俗寫作裡被當作亙古之物，常常配在討論《老子》的旁邊，而《老子》比它大約早兩千年。事實上，這個特定的圖樣最早也追不到宋代以前，而它廣泛流行是從明代前後開始的。它是一項晚出的圖式發明。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>更增混亂的是：那位十一世紀哲學家——正是他那篇短文使這個詞成為中國形上學的中心——所作的圖，根本不是這個符號。他的圖是一列上下排布的圓與分段，描述的是一個生成的次第。相銜之圓是另一件東西，有另一段歷史。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>這些都不使那個符號變得不有趣，也當然不使它變得不正宗。它只意味著：拿它去圖解宋代以前的任何東西，是時代錯置。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>需要說明的是，“太極”在《易傳》裡出現得很簡略，只有“易有太極，是生兩儀”一句，並沒有解釋太極究竟是什麼。正因為原文留下的空白大，後世才有那麼多種填法：漢代的注家多把它講成元氣未分的狀態，王弼把它解成“無”，孔穎達又回到元氣說，到了宋代周敦頤、朱熹才把它安放進一套完整的宇宙論裡。同一個詞在不同時代承擔的含義差別很大，這一點在讀相關文獻時要隨時留意。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>無極是怎麼進來的\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>與它配對的那個詞，意為無邊際、無極點者，有自己獨立的歷史，是後來才與太極連起來的。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>它在《老子》裡出現，意思接近於無邊際。它在後來的道教文字裡指一種未分之狀況。而塑造了此後整場論辯的那篇十一世紀短文，開頭就把這兩個詞關聯起來，措辭壓縮到可以有幾種互不相容的讀法：可以讀成無極變成太極，可以讀成太極本身即無極，也可以讀成兩者是同一件事的兩種說法。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>這處含混產出了中國哲學裡最有名的爭論之一，由兩位重要思想者以書信往復進行：爭的是加上一個“無極”在先的項，是否意味著在太極之外或之上另有東西。這場爭論從外面看很枯，實則不枯：所爭的是自然秩序究竟是自足的，還是依賴於某個在它之外的東西。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>為什麼兩個傳統都要這個詞\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>“太極”是少數幾個同等地屬於道家話語與儒家話語的術語之一，而理由很有教益。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>宋以後的儒家哲學家需要一套能與佛教形上學競爭、而又不向它借用的世界解說。一個取自他們自己經典的術語，描述一個既非神、亦非心的終極者，正是所需；於是他們圍繞它建起了一套關於理與氣的繁複哲學。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>道教作者需要術語來描述過程的階段——在宇宙論裡是宇宙的，在內丹裡是身體的——而一個指稱“剛要分化之前”那個狀況的詞極其好用。在丹書裡，它指的是一個階段，不是一個實體。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>結果是：同一個詞在不同的文獻裡承擔不同的負載。把理學的意思帶進丹書，或者反過來，兩邊都會讀不通。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Ch2>拳術與那個名字\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>今天叫太極拳的這門拳術，並不一向叫這個名字。它由之發展出來的那些拳法用過別的名稱；而“太極”這個詞被用到它身上，是相當晚近的事——十九世紀，在一批理論文字被附到這套實踐上的時候。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>這個命名不是隨意的。那些理論文字使用陰陽的語彙，虛與實的語彙，連綿變化的語彙，以及“以讓為法”的語彙，而其中確有把動作與宇宙論接起來的真實努力。但這層聯絡的方向要緊：是一套哲學語彙被用到了一門已經存在的拳術上，不是一門拳術從一套哲學裡推匯出來。凡是把這門拳術呈現為一套古老形上學的身體演示的說法，都把歷史弄反了。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>這門拳術在本站的武術部分另有詳述。這一頁只處理名字與概念之間的關係。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>還有一個常見的混淆，是把周敦頤的《太極圖》和今天最常見的那個圓形圖當成同一件事。前者是一幅上下排列的層次圖，最上一圈表示無極而太極，往下依次是陰陽、五行、乾道成男坤道成女、萬物化生，是一張流程圖。後者在文獻裡較早的名稱是“天地自然之圖”或“先天太極圖”，出現時間要晚得多。兩者名稱相近，結構和用途卻不一樣。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>要留意什麼\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cp>四條提醒能覆蓋大部分麻煩。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>不要把太極當作一個存在者。它不是神，不是心，也不是行動者；凡是它“想要”“決定”什麼的句子，都已經離開了這個傳統。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>不要假定那個圖很古老，也不要拿它去圖解早期文本。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>不要把拳術上的意思帶進哲學段落，也不要把哲學上的意思帶進拳術段落。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>還有，不要期待這個傳統自己內部一致。那些中心問題——太極是在時間上在先還是僅在邏輯上在先，它之前是否另有東西，它是一個東西還是萬物之格局——爭了幾百年，從未定論。一份給出單一整齊答案的材料，是在把一種立場當作共識來呈現。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003Cp>把這幾條放在心上，下面各頁讀起來會順得多。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>要點\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>這個詞在使它重要的那個經典來源裡只出現一次；其餘一切都建在那一個小句上。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>兩個字意為“至”與“棟、極”，所以它的意思是一個界限狀況，不是一個造作者。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>有三樣東西都叫太極：一個形上術語，一個圖，一門拳術。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>那個熟悉的相銜符號是晚出的圖式，追不到宋代以前，廣泛流行是從明代起。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>與“無極”配對產出了一場重要的哲學爭論：自然秩序之外是否另有東西。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>拳術是在十九世紀得到這個名字的；是哲學被用到了實踐上，不是實踐從哲學推出。\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fpages\u002FIjwo2Fzw2IOTJVuGU5Ln.webp",1922,818,{"en":1388,"zh":1389},"Illustrated infographic on Taiji: the title 太極 beside a large yin-yang symbol flanked by 陰 and 陽, with Chinese panels on its meaning, the trigrams and practice, and a meditating figure.","太極主題圖解長圖：大字「太極」旁是巨大的陰陽圖，兩側標有「陰」「陽」，下方中文分欄講解太極內涵、兩儀四象、八卦與修習，並有打坐人像。",{"en":1388,"zh":1389},"banner","list",{"en":1394,"zh":1395},"Taiji, the Supreme Ultimate: Meaning, Origin and Symbol","太極是什麼：含義、出處與太極圖",{"en":1397,"zh":1398},"What taiji (太極), the Supreme Ultimate, means: the ancient commentary line it comes from, the taiji diagram, yin-yang, and how the idea shaped Taoist thought.","太極是什麼？從古代易傳中的一句話講起，梳理太極圖、陰陽與太極觀念如何影響道家思想與修習。",[1400,1408,1415,1422,1428,1434,1440],{"to":984,"type":1401,"subtitle":1402,"image":1405,"hero_style":1391,"header":1122,"footer":1355,"updated_at":1406,"en":985,"zh":986,"image_set":3,"image_alt":3,"tags":1407},"page",{"en":1403,"zh":1404},"The Supreme Ultimate: the term, its roots, and what it came to mean","《繫辭》裡只出現過一次，而“極”的本義是屋梁","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fpages\u002FYGtJHoM15noSEpGha7Xo.webp","2026-09-25T12:33:26+00:00",[],{"to":988,"type":1401,"subtitle":1409,"image":1412,"hero_style":1391,"header":1122,"footer":1355,"updated_at":1413,"en":989,"zh":990,"image_set":3,"image_alt":3,"tags":1414},{"en":1410,"zh":1411},"A living symbol of yin-yang movement, relationship and transformation","從五層太極圖到陰陽魚的歷史與文化意義","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fpages\u002Fbvf56nmeuJSXrrzAWIdb.webp","2026-09-25T10:00:27+00:00",[],{"to":992,"type":1401,"subtitle":1416,"image":1419,"hero_style":1391,"header":1122,"footer":1355,"updated_at":1420,"en":993,"zh":994,"image_set":3,"image_alt":3,"tags":1421},{"en":1417,"zh":1418},"The Limitless, the Supreme Ultimate, and how the cosmos unfolds from unity","周敦頤不到三百字的《太極圖說》，和朱陸為兩個字打的那場筆仗","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fpages\u002F7bOAGiujIGzMYSvY79F5.webp","2026-09-25T12:33:25+00:00",[],{"to":996,"type":1401,"subtitle":1423,"image":1426,"hero_style":1391,"header":1122,"footer":1355,"updated_at":1420,"en":997,"zh":998,"image_set":3,"image_alt":3,"tags":1427},{"en":1424,"zh":1425},"How the one divides into two, and how the two remain one","參照系、層層可分，以及原文其實說的是“陰平陽秘”","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fpages\u002FgyUVsklGeZAxz7Xrj3jf.webp",[],{"to":1000,"type":1401,"subtitle":1429,"image":1432,"hero_style":1391,"header":1122,"footer":1355,"updated_at":1406,"en":1001,"zh":1002,"image_set":3,"image_alt":3,"tags":1433},{"en":1430,"zh":1431},"How philosophers of two great traditions made Taiji their own","朱熹的“理”、內丹的“先天一氣”，以及“打太極”這個說法","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fpages\u002FGt7TfnXJuKyok0k6pagN.webp",[],{"to":1004,"type":1401,"subtitle":1435,"image":1438,"hero_style":1391,"header":1122,"footer":1355,"updated_at":1420,"en":1005,"zh":1006,"image_set":3,"image_alt":3,"tags":1439},{"en":1436,"zh":1437},"How the cosmological principle became the soul of an internal martial art","《太極拳論》、十三勢裡的八卦五行，以及幾句該講清的實話","https:\u002F\u002Fimg.wudang.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fwudang\u002Fpages\u002F4u5rjuvEK9PANuvuCSPZ.webp",[],{"to":1008,"type":1401,"subtitle":1441,"image":1444,"hero_style":1391,"header":1122,"footer":1355,"updated_at":1413,"en":1009,"zh":1010,"image_set":3,"image_alt":3,"tags":1445},{"en":1442,"zh":1443},"Primary texts and reliable studies for exploring the Supreme 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